Rutas glucometabólicas alteradas en pacientes infectados con SARS-CoV-2

Altered glyco-metabolic pathways in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

In SARS-CoV-2 virus infection, HIF-1 overexpression drives a glycolysis-dependent metabolic change for increased cell proliferation and cytokine synthesis in various cells and tissues; Furthermore, due to the insufficient amount of ATP, various metabolic pathways that induce hyperglycemia are accelerated; an indicator of poor prognosis and high mortality in patients without a previous diagnosis of diabetes. Hyperglycemia is the result of oxidative stress-induced insulin resistance and increased glycolysis, as well as dysregulation of hormones such as glucagon, growth hormone, glucocorticoids, and insulin; whose synthesis decreases due to the transdifferentiation of beta cells. These hyperglycemic and hypoglycemic conditions have been associated, in COVID-19 patients, with new-onset diabetes, cardiomyocyte damage, and other cardiac problems with lung deterioration; as well as the presence of acute kidney injury and hypometabolism of glucose in the brain.