Maracuyá (Passiflora edulis): Composición nutricional, compuestos bioactivos, aprovechamiento de subproductos, biocontrol y fertilización orgánica en el cultivo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.040Palabras clave:
Compuestos bioactivos, carotenoides, color instrumental, ácidos grasosResumen
El maracuyá (Passiflora edulis), es una fruta tropical apreciada por su atractivo y valor nutricional. Siendo la variedad amarilla (Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa) y variedad la morada (Passiflora edulis f. edulis) las especies más conocidas; ambas ricas en carbohidratos, proteínas, lípidos y compuestos bioactivos. A pesar de su potencial, los subproductos del maracuyá, como las semillas y la cáscara, son infrautilizados, a pesar de ser fuentes de compuestos fenólicos y carotenoides. Las hojas son consideradas insignificantes, sin embargo, estas contienen nutrientes y efectos medicinales beneficiosos para la salud. No obstante, estos subproductos poseen diversos usos y aplicaciones. En este sentido, este trabajo busca documentar investigaciones referentes al maracuyá y sus subproductos, enfatizando en su composición y sus posibles usos en productos agroindustriales. Además de plantear estrategias de biocontrol de plagas para preservar la calidad del cultivo y la implementación de fertilizantes orgánicos en los cultivos, promoviendo prácticas agrícolas sostenibles. En este sentido, es urgente no solo diversificar la agroindustria y desarrollar nuevos productos, sino también contribuir a la reducción del impacto ambiental y fomentar prácticas agrícolas sostenibles. El aprovechamiento integral del maracuyá emerge como una estrategia clave para avanzar hacia una producción más eficiente y sostenible.
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