Determinación de las características físicas y químicas de granos de cacao seco Nacional y CCN-51 en centros de acopio del cantón Bolívar

Carlos Enrique Veliz Anzules; Anthonny Josué Moran Chalen; Diana Carolina Cedeño Alcivar

doi:10.17268/agroind.sci.2026.02.02

Authors

Carlos Enrique Veliz Anzules Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí “Manuel Feliz López”. Carrera de Agroindustria. Calceta, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8353-175X
Anthonny Josué Moran Chalen Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí “Manuel Feliz López”. Carrera de Agroindustria. Calceta, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1836-0170
Diana Carolina Cedeño Alcivar Escuela Superior Politécnica Agropecuaria de Manabí “Manuel Feliz López”. Carrera de Agroindustria. Calceta, Ecuador. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8420-7014

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2026.02.02

Keywords:

Quality, variety, fermentation, post-harvest, characterization

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the physical and chemical characteristics of dried cocoa beans from the Nacional and CCN-51 varieties in collection centers in the Bolívar canton, Manabí. A total of 120 samples were collected using an analytical-descriptive approach and an exploratory research design. The methodology included instrumental techniques such as precision balance, pH meter, and moisture meter, and statistical tests such as Shapiro-Wilk, Levene’s test, ANOVA, and Student’s t-test were applied. Among the most relevant results, significant differences were identified in variables such as testa and cotyledon pH, as well as seed index and cotyledon weight between the two varieties. The PPSEP2024 collection center showed high moisture levels, which could affect bean quality. In conclusion, it was evident that both genetic variety and post-harvest handling directly influence cocoa quality. These results provide key information to improve collection processes and strengthen the competitiveness of Ecuadorian cocoa in specialized markets.

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