Assessing the risk of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Tropical Race 4 outbreaks in Ecuadorian banana crops using spatial climatic data

Cindy M.  Fernández-Ledesma; Felipe R.  Garcés-Fiallos; Flavia  Rosso; Nicolle  Cordero; Simone  Ferraz; Angelica  Durigon; Diego  Portalanza

doi:10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.026

Autores/as

Cindy M. Fernández-Ledesma Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Instituto de Posgrado, Av. José María Urbina y Che Guevara, Portoviejo 130105, Manabí
Felipe R. Garcés-Fiallos Laboratory of Phytopathology, Experimental Campus La Teodomira, Faculty of Agronomic Engineering, Technical University of Manabí, Santa Ana EC 131301.
Flavia Rosso Federal University of Santa Maria, Department of Physics, Climate Research Group, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria (RS).
Nicolle Cordero Federal University of Santa Maria, Department of Physics, Climate Research Group, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria.
Simone Ferraz Federal University of Santa Maria, Department of Physics, Climate Research Group, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria (RS).
Angelica Durigon Federal University of Santa Maria, Department of Crop Science, Applied Agrometeorology Lab, Av. Roraima, 1000, Santa Maria (RS).
Diego Portalanza Universidad Agraria del Ecuador (UAE), Carrera de Ingeniería Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Instituto de Investigación "Ing. Jacobo Bucaram Ortiz, Ph.D”, Av. 25 de Julio, Guayaquil, 090104, Guayas.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2023.026

Palabras clave:

Musa spp., Fusarium wilt, risk analysis, hotspots, Ecuador

Resumen

The Musaceae family is susceptible to Fusarium wilt (Fw), which is considered the most important disease globally, caused by a group of Fusarium species that includes F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (FocTR4). Until recently, FocTR4 was not present in Latin America. However, wilting, chlorosis of leaves, and vascular discoloration (typical symptoms of Fw) were observed in at least a hundred Cavendish plants located in Colombia, Peru and Venezuela in 2019, 2021 and 2022, respectively. Normally, the disease is more severe throughout the warmer and rainy months of the year. Since Ecuador is the world's leading exporter of bananas, including plantains, this study aimed to identify agroclimatic favorability zones for FocTR4 potential incidence in the country, testing linear models to evaluate disease occurrence in relation to climatic conditions and map favorability zones. Most of the banana-producing provinces, including Guayas, Los Ríos, El Oro, Manabí, Santa Elena, and Esmeraldas, presented an estimate ranging from medium-low to very high. In Guayas and Los Rios, the agroclimatic favorability zones of the main Ecuadorian producer provinces for a very high-risk account for almost 50%. This information can help make preventive management decisions in zones with a greater risk of spreading FocTR4.

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