Propiedades farmacológicas del jengibre (Zingiber officinale) para la prevención y el tratamiento de COVID-19

Autores/as

  • Paola Jorge-Montalvo Centro de Investigación en Química, Toxicología y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento Académico de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Av. La Molina s/n, La Molina, Lima. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3958-5478
  • Carlos Vílchez-Perales Departamento Académico de Nutrición, Facultad de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Av. La Molina s/n, La Molina, Lima. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4757-527X
  • Lizardo Visitación-Figueroa Centro de Investigación en Química, Toxicología y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento Académico de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina. Av. La Molina s/n, La Molina, Lima. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9625-2066

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2020.03.16

Resumen

COVID-19, considerada como una epidemia global, está afectando a miles de personas ocasionando muerte. Actualmente, la comunidad científica sigue en la búsqueda del fármaco efectivo que module los efectos ocasionados por el SARS-CoV-2, ante ello se plantea alternativas para su prevención y tratamiento mediante compuestos bioactivos naturales, como es el caso del jengibre. El jengibre presenta compuestos volátiles y no volátiles con propiedades farmacológicas importantes como antioxidante, antiinflamatoria, antiemético, antiviral; los compuestos fenólicos del aceite de jengibre presentan efecto sinérgico al actuar como antioxidante y antiinflamatorio, entre estos compuestos destacan gingerol, shogaol, zingerona y las gingerdionas. La actividad antiinflamatoria del jengibre está relacionada con la reducción de la expresión de ARNm de biomarcadores como las interleucinas (IL-6) y podría actuar de forma similar como el Tocilizumab, medicamento usado para tratar a pacientes con COVID-19; así mismo, presenta actividad antiviral al inhibir a las proteínas del SARS-CoV-2, al unirse con el ECA-2, 3CLpro y PLpro, y una actividad antiemética mediante el cual disminuirá los síntomas del paciente. Se concluye que las propiedades farmacológicas del jengibre y sus extractos etanólicos y metanólicos ricos en fenoles totales como los gingeroles y shogaoles tienen gran potencial para la prevención y el tratamiento de los síntomas de COVID-19.

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2020-12-30

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Jorge-Montalvo, P., Vílchez-Perales, C., & Visitación-Figueroa, L. (2020). Propiedades farmacológicas del jengibre (Zingiber officinale) para la prevención y el tratamiento de COVID-19. Agroindustrial Science, 10(3), 329-338. https://doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2020.03.16

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