Caracterización de Phytophthora spp. y aplicación de rizobacterias con potencial en biocontrol de la enfermedad de la mazorca negra en Theobroma cacao variedad CCN-51

Ángel Virgilio Cedeño Moreira; Ricardo Fernando Romero Meza; Javier Andrés Auhing Arcos; Antonio Francisco Mendoza León; Fernando Abasolo Pacheco; Hayron Fabricio Canchignia Martínez

doi:10.17268/sci.agropecu.2020.04.05

Autores

Ángel Virgilio Cedeño Moreira Departamento de Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular-PGPR, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, EC. 120501, Los Ríos. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6564-5569
Ricardo Fernando Romero Meza Departamento de Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular-PGPR, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, EC. 120501, Los Ríos. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3915-3309
Javier Andrés Auhing Arcos Departamento de Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular-PGPR, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, EC. 120501, Los Ríos. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4537-7234
Antonio Francisco Mendoza León Departamento de Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular-PGPR, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, EC. 120501, Los Ríos. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5103-0152
Fernando Abasolo Pacheco Departamento de Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular-PGPR, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, EC. 120501, Los Ríos. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2268-7432
Hayron Fabricio Canchignia Martínez Departamento de Biotecnología, Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular-PGPR, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, EC. 120501, Los Ríos. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1195-5446

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2020.04.05

Palavras-chave:

Phytophthora, Theobroma cacao, rizobacteria, biocontrol, rizobacterias promotoras del crecimiento en plantas, antagonista.

Resumo

El objetivo del trabajo se enfocó en Caracterizar la biodiversidad de Phytophthora spp. y rizobacterias con potencial al biocontrol en la enfermedad de la mazorca negra en CCN-51. Nueve muestras vegetales con síntomas a la enfermedad se recolectaron de áreas productoras de cacao, evaluando sus características morfológicas e identificación por PCR. Se observan distintos morfotipos de colonias; algodonosos, borde regular y estrellado característico para Phytophthora spp. Los perfiles de electroforesis revelan un amplicón de 159 pb para P. palmivora, demostrando su distribución en las nueve zonas. Los ensayos en inhibición micelial in vitro a P. palmivora, determinaron niveles altos de antagonismo de 78 y 60% por enfrentamiento directo con las rizobacterias. Los resultados en bio-protección a CCN-51 por aplicaciones de P. veronii R4, A. calcoaceticus BMR2-12, S. marcescens PM3-8 y P. protegens CHA0 son efectivos al control de P. palmivora cepa (BL15), sin aplicación de bacterias se evidencia el avance de la enfermedad a nivel foliar a 15 y 19 dpi con (2,00E+05) zoospporas. La aplicación edáfica de las rizobacterias en CCN-51, se fusionó la capacidad promotora al crecimiento en plantas y supresión de la enfermedad por P. palmivora.

Referências

Acebo, Y.; Hernández, A.; Vandeputte, O.; et al. 2015. Characterization of Pseudomonas chlororaphis from Theobroma cacao L . rhizosphere with antagonistic activity against Phytophthora palmivora ( Butler ). Journal of Applied Microbiology 119: 1112–1126.

Ali, S.; Amoako, I.; Bailey, R.; et al. 2016. PCR-based identification of cacao black pod causal agents and identification of biological factors possibly contributing to Phytophthora megakarya’s field dominance in West Africa. Plant Pathology 65: 1095–1108.

Ali, S.; Shao, J.; Lary, D.; et al. 2017. Phytophthora megakarya and Phytophthora palmivora, closely related causal agents of cacao black pod rot, underwent increases in genome sizes and gene numbers by different mechanisms. Genome Biology and Evolution 2: 1–22.

Anand, A.; Chinchilla, D.; Tan, C.; et al. 2020. Contribution of hydrogen cyanide to the antagonistic activity of Pseudomonas strains against Phytophthora infestans. Microorganisms 8: 1–10.

Anderson, A.; Kim, Y. 2018. Biopesticides produced by plant-probiotic Pseudomonas chlororaphis isolates. Crop Protection 105: 62-69.

Appiah, A.; Flood, J.; Bridge, P.; et al. 2003. Inter and intraspecific morphometric variation and characterization of Phytophthora isolates from cocoa. Plant Pathology 52: 168–180.

Bahia, R.; Aguilar, C.; Luz, E.; et al. 2015. Resistance to black pod disease in a segregating cacao tree population. Tropical Plant Pathology 40: 13–18.

Barka, E.; Nowak, J.; Clément. 2006. Enhancement of chilling resistance of inoculated grapevine plantlets with a plant growth promoting rhizobacterium, Burkholderia phytofirmans Strain PsJN. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 72: 7246–7252.

Boudjeko, T.; Mouafo, R.; Zitouni, M.; et al. 2017. Streptomyces cameroonensis sp. nov., a geldanamycin producer that promotes Theobroma cacao growth. Microbes and Environments 32: 24–31.

Bukhat, S.; Imran, A.; Javaid, S.; et al. 2020. Communication of plants with microbial world: Exploring the regulatory networks for PGPR mediated defense signaling. Microbiological Research 238: 1-50.

Caulier, S.; Gillis, A.; Colau, G.; et al. 2018. Versatile antagonistic activities of soil-borne Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. against Phytophthora infestans and other potato pathogens. Frontiers Microbiology 9: 1–15.

Chávez, K.; Guato, J.; Peñafiel, M.; et al. 2018. Bacterias fluorescentes productoras de metabolitos antagónicos de cultivares nativos de Musa sp. y su diversidad filogenética al gen ARNr 16S. Agricultural Sciences 11: 17–29.

Cornu, J.; Huguenot, D.; Jézéquel, K.; et al. 2017. Bioremediation of copper-contaminated soils by bacteria. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology 33: 1-12.

Deberdt, P.; Mfegue, C.; Tondje, P.; et al. 2008. Impact of environmental factors, chemical fungicide and biological control on cacao pod production dynamics and black pod disease (Phytophthora megakarya) in Cameroon. Biological Control 44: 149–159.

dos Santos, F.; Tata, A.; Belaz, K.; et al. 2016. Major phytopathogens and strains from cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) are differentiated by MALDI-MS lipid and or peptide protein profiles. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 409: 1765-1777.

Efombagn, M.; Nyassé, S.; Sounigo, O.; et al. 2007. Participatory cocoa (Theobroma cacao) selection in Cameroon: Phytophthora pod rot resistant accessions identified in farmers fields. Crop Protection 26: 1467–1473.

El-Sayed, A.; Ali, G. 2020. Aspergillus flavipes is a novel efficient biocontrol agent of Phytophthora parasitica. Biological Control 140: 1–11.

Elsherbiny, E.; Amin, B.; Aleem, B.; et al. 2020. Trichoderma volatile organic compounds as a biofumigation tool against late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans in postharvest Potato tubers. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 68: 8163-8171.

Evans, H.; Bezerra, J.; Barreto, R. 2013. Of mushrooms and chocolate trees: etiology and phylogeny of witches broom and frosty pod diseases of cacao. Plant Pathology 7: 728-740.

Goswami, D.; Dhandhukia, P.; Thakker, J. 2016. Expanding the Horizons for the use of Paenibacillus species as PGPR for sustainable agriculture. In Bacilli and Agrobiotechnology 4: 281-307.

Guest, D. 2006. Black Pod: Diverse pathogens with a global impact on cocoa yield. The American Phytopathological Society 2: 1650-1653.

Hardham, A. 2001. The cell biology behind Phytophthora pathogenicity. Australasian Plant Pathology 30: 91-98.

Hon, H. 2018. The taxonomy and biology of Phytophthora and Pythium. Journal of Bacteriology & Mycology 6: 1-7.

Hunziker, L.; Bönisch, D.; Groenhagen, U.; et al. 2015. Pseudomonas strains naturally associated with potato plants produce volatiles with high potential for inhibition of Phytophthora infestans. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81: 821-830.

Keswani, C.; Singh, H.; García, C.; et al. 2020. Antimicrobial secondary metabolites from agriculturally important bacteria as next-generation pesticides. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 104: 1013-1034.

King, E.; Ward, M.; Raney, D. 1954. Two simple media for the demonstration of pyocyanin and fluorescin. The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine 44: 301-307.

Kravchenko, L.; Azarova, T.; Makarova, N.; et al. 2004. The effect of tryptophan present in plant root exudates on the phytostimulating activity of rhizobacteria. Microbiology 73: 156-158.

Liu, H.; Xue, X.; Yu, Y.; et al. 2020. Copper ions suppress abscisic acid biosynthesis to enhance defense against Phytophthora infestans in potato. Molecular Plant Pathology 21: 636-651.

Maora, J., Liew, E., Guest, D. 2016. Limited morphological, physiological and genetic diversity of Phytophthora palmivora from cocoa in Papua New Guinea. Plant Pathology 3: 1-7.

Matos, Y.; Peteira, B.; Matos, G.; et al. 2011. Prueba de apareamiento en 90 aislamientos de Phytophthora, provenientes de frutos enfermos de cacao (Theobroma cacao Lin.) en el municipio de Baracoa. Revista de Protección Vegetal 26: 198-199.

Meena, B. 2014. Biological control of pest and diseases using fluorescent Pseudomonads. K. Sahayaraj (Ed.). Basic and applied aspects of biopesticides. 7: 187-322.

Meziane, H.; Van der Sluis, I.; Van Loon, L.; et al. 2005. Determinants of Pseudomonas putida WCS358 involved in inducing. Molecular Plant Pathology 6: 177-185.

Miguelez, Y.; Acebo, Y.; Jaziri, M.; et al. 2019. Pseudomonas chlororaphis CP07 strain reduces disease severity caused by Phytophthora palmivora in genotypes of Theobroma cacao. European Journal of Plant Pathology 3: 1-11.

Okada, A.; Banno, S.; Ichiishi, A.; et al. 2005. Pyrrolnitrin interferes with osmotic signal transduction in Neurospora crassa. Pesticide Science Society of Japan 30: 378-383.

Paulin, M.; Novinsack, A.; Lanteigne, C.; et al. 2019. Interaction between DAPG and HCN producing Pseudomonas brassicacearum LBUM300 and Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis in the rhizosphere of tomato. American Society for Microbiology 28: 1-27.

Singh, H.; Jaiswal, V.; Singh, S.; et al. 2017. Antagonistic compounds producing plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: A tool for management of plant disease. Journal of Advances in Microbiology 3: 1-12.

Souza, J.; Arnould, C.; Deulvot, C.; et al. 2003. Effect of 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol on Pythium: cellular responses and variation in sensitivity among propagules and species. The American Phytopathological Society 93: 966-975.

Ton, J.; Pelt, J.; Loon, L.; et al. 2002. Differential effectiveness of salicylate dependent and Jasmonate/Ethylene dependent induced resistance in Arabidopsis. The American Phytopathological Society 15: 27-34.

Verbon, E.; Trapet, P.; Stringlis, I.; et al. 2017. Iron and Immunity. Annual Review of Phytopathology 1: 1-21.

Verhagen, B.; Glazebrook, J.; Zhu, T.; et al. 2004. The transcriptome of rhizobacteria-Induced systemic resistance in Arabidopsis. The American Phytopathological Society 17: 895-908.

West, P.; Appiah, A.; Gow, N. 2003. Advances in research on oomycete root pathogens. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology 62: 99-113.

Widmer, T.; Laurent, N. 2006. Plant extracts containing caffeic acid and rosmarinic acid inhibit zoospore germination of Phytophthora spp. pathogenic to Theobroma cacao. European Journal of Plant Pathology 115: 377-388.

Zdor, R. 2014. Bacterial cyanogenesis: impact on biotic interactions. Journal of Applied Microbiology 5: 267-274.