Impact of leachate on soil microbial diversity and its treatment

Ronald Hugo Puerta-Tuesta; Casiano  Aguirre; José Kalion Guerra Lu; Albert Franco Cerna-Cueva; Warren Rios-Garcia; Marco Dueñas-Tuesta; Christian Paredes

doi:10.17268/sci.agropecu.2024.023

Autores/as

Ronald Hugo Puerta-Tuesta Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Tingo María, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5777-7855
Casiano Aguirre Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Tingo María, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6109-4237
José Kalion Guerra Lu Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Tingo María, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6441-120X
Albert Franco Cerna-Cueva Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Tingo María, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7448-558X
Warren Rios-Garcia Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Tingo María, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6255-7881
Marco Dueñas-Tuesta Facultad de Recursos Naturales Renovables, Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva, Tingo María, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2217-7232
Christian Paredes Organismo de Evaluación y Fiscalización Ambiental, Dirección de Evaluación Ambiental del OEFA, Lima, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7631-9702

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2024.023

Palabras clave:

Landfill leachate, temporary landfill, soil microbial diversity, soil quality parameters, coagulation - flocculation, water treatment

Resumen

This study analyzed the impact of leachate from a temporary landfill on soil microbial diversity in Tingo María, Huánuco region, Peru. Three treatments were used: untreated soil (S), addition of stream water (T0), leachate (T1), and leachate treated by coagulation and flocculation (T2), with 828.5 ml/week added in three weekly doses. Soil samples were collected from the Reserved Forest of the Universidad Nacional Agraria de la Selva. Twenty-one randomly distributed soil samples were taken and homogenized for analysis. Soil quality parameters measured included sand, clay, silt, texture, pH, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. As for microorganisms, viable aerobes, lactobacilli, actinomycetes, fungi, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and Escherichia coli were quantified using specific culture and counting methods for each of them. To evaluate the impact of the leachate on microbial diversity, equity indices (Shannon and inverse Simpson), dominance indices (complementary Simpson and Berger Parker) and the percentage composition of each microorganism per treatment were used. An ANOVA was performed to estimate differences in microbial diversity, with a Tukey test at a significance level of α = 0.05. The study showed that leachates affect soil microbial diversity, reducing equity and increasing the dominance of certain species such as E. coli. They also alter physicochemical parameters, decreasing organic matter and nitrogen but increasing other elements such as phosphorus and potassium. This could have implications for soil health and functionality.

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