Cepas de Akanthomyces uredinophilum, Simplicillium lanosoniveum y Trichoderma spp. presentan alta actividad endófita e inducen un mejor crecimiento de plantas de café

Juana Margarita  Martínez-de-Jesús; Roberto  Montesinos-Matias; Edgar  Martínez-Fernandez; Oscar Gabriel  Villegas-Torres; Guadalupe  Peña-Chora; María  Andrade-Rodríguez

doi:10.17268/sci.agropecu.2025.029

Authors

Juana Margarita Martínez-de-Jesús Posgrado en Ciencias Agropecuarias y Desarrollo Rural, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62209. México. https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4188-5760
Roberto Montesinos-Matias Departamento de Control Biológico, Centro Nacional de Referencia Fitosanitaria, DGSV-SENASICA, km 1.5 Carretera Tecomán-Estación FFCC, Col. Tepeyac, C.P. 28110. México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6687-6078
Edgar Martínez-Fernandez Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62209. México. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9232-7988
Oscar Gabriel Villegas-Torres Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62209. México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9885-3906
Guadalupe Peña-Chora Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62209. México. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7682-5584
María Andrade-Rodríguez Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias. Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, C.P. 62209. México. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0757-742X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2025.029

Keywords:

Coffea arabica, endophytic fungi, plant growth, disease

Abstract

The cultivation of coffee (Coffea arabica L.) is affected by rust (Hemileia vastatrix), causing losses of over 70% in production. The use of endophytic fungi is a biological strategy for disease control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the endophytic activity of 14 fungal strains and their effect on the growth of coffee plants var. Caturra. Coffee seeds were inoculated with a concentration of 1×10⁶ conidia mL^-1 of water, planted and organized in a completely randomized experimental design, with three repetitions of eight plants per strain. At 30, 60, and 120 days after seedling emergence, samples of five leaf segments per plant, 5 mm in diameter, were taken to evaluate endophytic activity. The start of fungal growth (days), initial fungal growth (%) and total fungal growth (%) were recorded. To evaluate the effect of fungal strains on the growth of coffee plants, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf pairs, number of branches and chlorophyll content index were evaluated. Analysis of Variance and Tukey's mean separation test (p ≤ 0.05) were performed. Three strains of A. uredinophilum (CHE-CNRCB 435, 616, and 988), two of S. lanosoniveum (CHE-CNRCB 438 and 544), and three of Trichoderma (CHE-CNRCB 398, 1057, and 1062) showed endophytic activity higher than 70%. The three Trichoderma spp. strains induced better growth in coffee plants.

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