Caracterización de jamones adicionados con pastas residuales  de la extracción mecánica de aceite de frutos secos

Juan Luna; José Guerrero-Beltrán

doi:10.17268/sci.agropecu.2013.02.01

Autores/as

Juan Luna Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Cholula
José Guerrero-Beltrán Universidad de las Américas Puebla, Cholula

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2013.02.01

Palabras clave:

Jamón, frutos secos, pastas residuales, composición proximal, atributos sensoriales

Resumen

Los frutos secos contienen en su composición nutrientes y compuestos bioactivos que al ser consumidos en cantidades suficientes aportan beneficios a la salud. En este estudio se evaluó la influencia de la adición de pastas residuales (10 %), obtenidas de la extracción de aceite de nuez de Castilla (Juglans regia L.), nuez pecanera (Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch), variedad Western Shley, y cacahuate (Arachis hypogaea), sobre la modificación de algunas características de textura, composición proximal, fisicoquímicas, microbiológicas y sensoriales en jamones cocidos. Los jamones estudiados fueron almacenados a 4 °C durante 21 días. Las pastas adicionadas a los jamones aumentaron de manera significativa (P≤0,05) el contenido de proteína, grasa y fibra total. Los jamones adicionados con pasta presentaron estructuras menos rígidas (P≤0,05). Los parámetros de color (L*, a* y b*) de los jamones mostraron una ligera disminución durante el tiempo de almacenamiento, a excepción de los adicionados con nuez de Castilla que mostraron un mayor oscurecimiento. Las pastas de frutos secos contribuyeron significativamente (P≤ 0,05) a disminuir la vida de anaquel de los jamones. Sin embargo, el recuento de mohos y levaduras en los jamones fue menor a 10 UFC/g a los 21 días de almacenamiento. La aw y el pH disminuyeron significativamente (P≤0,05) y la sinéresis aumentó durante el almacenamiento. Los jamones adicionados con pastas residuales fueron sensorialmente bien aceptados con respecto al color, olor, sabor, apariencia y aceptabilidad general.

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Received: 19/02/13

Accepted: 30/03/13

Corresponding author: E-mail: angel.guerrero@udlap.mx (J.A. Gerrero-Beltrán)