Gestión y diagnóstico de eficiencia productiva en una biorrefinería de aceites obtenidos por extracción con fluidos supercríticos de semillas de uva y lúcuma

Fredy Vicente Huayta Socantaype; Luis Enrique Napan Tacca

doi:10.17268/agroind.sci.2026.02.03

Authors

Fredy Vicente Huayta Socantaype Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Lima, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3732-731X
Luis Enrique Napan Tacca Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Lima, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7423-7516

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2026.02.03

Keywords:

Extracción supercrítica, simulación de procesos, ciclo de vida (LCI), sostenibilidad de procesos, economía circular

Abstract

Este trabajo presenta un diagnóstico integral de una biorrefinería industrial dedicada a la obtención de aceites a partir de semillas de uva y de lúcuma, utilizando dióxido de carbono supercrítico (FSC) como solvente verde. El análisis se desarrolló con un modelo de simulación en SuperPro Designer, que permitió examinar tres aspectos esenciales: el desempeño operativo, la eficiencia de masa y el impacto ambiental del proceso. Los resultados mostraron una eficiencia global de 1,73%, afectada por limitaciones en las etapas de secado (TDR-102) y descascarillado (SR-101), que reducen la capacidad productiva al 12,7% del potencial teórico. La huella hídrica fue de 103 kg de agua por kilogramo de aceite, y el índice de residuos alcanzó 0,03 kg/kg de materia prima, lo que indica la necesidad de mejorar la gestión de recursos. El modelo permitió proponer medidas de optimización centradas en la intensificación de procesos, la estandarización de la materia prima y el control dinámico con apoyo de inteligencia artificial. En conjunto, los resultados evidencian que la simulación de procesos combinada con indicadores de sostenibilidad puede guiar el desarrollo de biorrefinerías bajo un enfoque de economía circular.

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