Auxins and Cytokinins elicit a differentiated response in the formation of shoots and roots in Cattleya maxima Lindl and Phalaenopsis amabilis (L) Blume

Gabriela Saravia-Castillo; Lourdes  Tapia y Figueroa; Ricardo  Borjas-Ventura

doi:10.17268/sci.agropecu.2022.006

Autores

Gabriela Saravia-Castillo Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina
Lourdes Tapia y Figueroa Departamento de Fitotecnia, Faculta de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, La Molina s/n, Lima.
Ricardo Borjas-Ventura Departamento de Fitotecnia, Faculta de Agronomía, Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, La Molina s/n, Lima.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2022.006

Palavras-chave:

kinetin, 6-Benzylaminopurine, Indol-3-butiric acid, Naphthalene acetic acid, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic

Resumo

Orchids have a long period of production and need to be under the right conditions. Therefore, in vitro propagation is an alternative to reduce production time. This study aimed to determine the optimal in vitro propagation conditions in two species of orchids, Cattleya maxima Lindl. and Phalaenopsis amabilis (L.) Blume. For this goal, two experiments were carried out: multiplication and rooting, for both species. In the multiplication experiment, the treatments were differentiated according to the complement of MS (Murashige and Skoog medium), banana flour, kinetin or 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP). Meanwhile, in the rooting experiment, the complements were banana flour, Indol-3-butiric acid (IBA), Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). According to the results, banana flour (50 g.L^-1) increased the plantlet height in C. maxima (multiplication) and P. amabilis (rooting). Kinetin (0.003 g.L^-1) and BAP (0.005 g.L^-1) increased the number of shoots and leaves in C. maxima, in multiplication experiment. In rooting experiment, NAA (0.003 g.L^-1) increased significantly the number of leaves in C. maxima. The root formation was notably stimulated by banana flour in both species. Likewise, 2,4-D (0.003 g.L^-1) can cause phytotoxic effects and inhibit root formation. In conclusion, C. maxima was more robust than P. amabilis since in all studied variables the former presented the highest values. Furthermore, C. maxima responds adequately to application of kinetin and BAP to increase the aerial part of the plant, however, they inhibit the root formation. In contrast, kinetin and BAP do not limit root growth in P. amabilis.

Referências

Abu-Romman, S. M., Al-Hadid, K. A., & Arabiyyat, A. R. (2015). Kinetin Is the Most Effective Cytokinin on Shoot Multiplication from Cucumber. Journal of Agricultural Science, 7(10), 159-165.

Arellano, J., Enciso, O., Flores Palacios, A., et al. (2020). Asymbiotic germination, effect of plant growth regulators, and chitosan on the mass propagation of stanhopea hernandezii (Orchidaceae). Botanical Sciences, 98(4), 524-533.

Ashraf, M. F., Aziz, M. A., Kemat, N., et al. (2014). Effect of cytokinin types, concentrations and their interactions on in vitro shoot regeneration of Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant. & Fernandez. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 17, 275-279.

Bhattacharyya, P., & Van Staden, J. (2016). Ansellia africana (Leopard orchid): A medicinal orchid species with untapped reserves of important biomolecules—A mini review. South African Journal of Botany, 106, 181-185.

Barbosa, J. C., & Maldonado, W. (2015). AgroEstat: sistema para análises estatísticas de ensaios agronómicos. Jaboticabal, FCAV/UNESP. 396p

Borjas, R., Julca, A., & Alvarado, L. (2020). Las fitohormonas una pieza clave en el desarrollo de la agricultura. Journal of the Selva Andina Biosphere, 8(2), 150-164.

Calevo, J., Copetta, A., Marchioni, I., et al. (2020). The use of a new culture medium and organic supplement to improve in vitro early stage development of five orchid species. Plant Biosystems, 1-9.

Calva, S. J., Mendoza, M. R., García, O., et al. (2018). Microencapsulation of vanilla (Vanilla planifolia Andrews) and powder characterization. Powder Technology, 323, 416-423.

Cardoso, J. C., Zanello, C. A., & Chen, J. T. (2020). An overview of orchid protocorm-like bodies: Mass propagation, biotechnology, molecular aspects, and breeding. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21, 1-32.

Chandra, L. (2020). Good Agricultural Practices of Commercial Orchids. Vigyan Varta, 5(1), 53-64.

Da Mota, R., Lajolo, F., Cordenunsi, B., et al. (2000). Composition and Functional Properties of Banana Flour from Different Varieties. Starch - Stärke, 52(2-3), 63-68.

Fay, M. F. (2018). Orchid conservation: how can we meet the challenges in the twenty-first century? Botanical Studies, 59(16), 1-6.

Freitas, K., Sorgato, J., Soares, J., & Ribeiro, L. (2021). In vitro growth of Cattleya nobicolor Rchb.f.: culture media, sealing systems and irradiance. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical, 51, e67131.

Gale, S. W., Kumar, P., Hinsley, A., et al. (2019). Quantifying the trade in wild-collected ornamental orchids in South China: Diversity, volume and value gradients underscore the primacy of supply. Biological Conservation, 238.

Gomes, H. T., Bartos, P. M. C., & Scherwinski-Pereira, J. E. (2015). Optimizing rooting and survival of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) plantlets derived from somatic embryos. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology - Plant, 51, 111-117.

Hinsley, A., De Boer, H. J., Fay, M. F., et al. (2018). A review of the trade in orchids and its implications for conservation. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 186(4), 435-455.

Jayanthi, M., Susanthi, B., Murali Mohan, N., et al. (2015). In vitro somatic embryogenesis and plantlet regeneration from immature male inflorescence of adult dura and tenera palms of Elaeis guineensis (Jacq.). SpringerPlus, 4, 256.

Kang, H. J., Kang, K. W., Kim, D. H., et al. (2020). In Vitro Propagation of Gastrochilus matsuran (Makino) Schltr., an Endangered Epiphytic Orchid. Plants, 9, 1-10.

Lu, H., Liu, Z., & Lan, S. (2019). Genome Sequencing Reveals the Role of MADS-box Gene Families in the Floral Morphology Evolution of Orchids. Horticultural Plant Journal, 5(6), 247-254.

Li, C., Dong, N., Zhao, Y., Wu, Z., & Liu, Z. (2021). A review for the breeding of orchids: current achievements and prospects. Hoticultural Plant Journal, 7(5), 380-392.

Munyawera, J. (2016). Banana as Natural Plants to Artificial Culture Media. Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development, 4(7), 516-519.

Özkul, M., Özel, Ç. A., Yüzbaşıoğlu, D., et al. (2016). Does 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) induce genotoxic effects in tissue cultured Allium roots? Cytotechnology, 68, 2395-2405.

Pant, B., Joshi, P. R., Maharjan, S., et al. (2021). Comparative Cytotoxic Activity of Wild Harvested Stems and in Vitro- Raised Protocorms of Dendrobium chryseum Rolfe in Human Cervical Carcinoma and Glioblastoma Cell Lines. Advances in Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Article ID 8839728.

Parthibhan, S., M.V. Rao, & T. Senthil. (2015). In vitro regeneration from protocorms in Dendrobium aqueum Lindley - an imperiled orchid. Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, 13(2), 227–233.

Podwyszynska, M. (2003). Cell, tissue and organ culture. En A. Roberts (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Rose Science (Vol. 5, p. 66-76).

Salazar, S. A., & Botello, E. (2020). Effect of the medium composition on the asymbiotic germination and in vitro development of the Laeliocattleya hybrid. South African Journal of Botany, 135, 80-86.

Song, Y. (2014). Insight into the mode of action of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as an herbicide. Journal of Integrative Plant Biology, 56(2), 106-113.

Ugale, Y., & Barwant, M. (2020). Invitro multiplication of crateva Adansoni on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS). International Journal of Applied, 9(3), 33-38.

Vilcherrez, J. A., Rojas, C., & Delgado, G. E. (2020). Micro-propagation of Cattleya maxima J . Lindley in Culture Medium with Banana Flour and Coconut Water. nternational Journal of Plant, Animal and Environmental Sciences, 10(4), 179-193.

Wang, S. L., Viswanath, K. K., Tong, C. G., et al. (2019). Floral Induction and Flower Development of Orchids. Frontiers in Plant Science, 10, 1-15.

Weiser, C., S. Ribeiro, E.B. Radmann, & V. João. (2020). Effect of cytokinins, carbohydrate source and auxins on in vitro propagation of the ´G x N-9´peach rootstock. International Journal of Fruit Science, 20(3), 1607-1619.

Wida, E., & Hariyanto, S. (2020). Organic Compounds: Contents and Their Role in Improving Seed Germination and Protocorm Development in Orchids. International Journal of Agronomy, 2020, 1-12.

Williams, S.J., S.W. Gale, A. Hinsley, J. Gao, & F.A.V. St. John. (2018). Using consumer preferences to characterize the trade of wild-collected ornamental orchids in China. Conservation Letters, 11(5), 1–8.