Compuestos fenólicos y capacidad antioxidante en tres ecotipos de maca (Lepidium meyenii Walp.) durante la pre-cosecha, cosecha y secado natural post-cosecha
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2019.01.10Keywords:
Cultivos andinos, hipocótilos, Lepidium meyenii, alimento funcional.Abstract
Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar el perfil HPLC-PDA de los compuestos fenólicos, su contenido y capacidad antioxidante en los extractos de los hipocótilos de maca amarilla, roja y negra durante las etapas de pre-cosecha, cosecha y secado natural post-cosecha. De la pre-cosecha al secado natural post-cosecha, en los tres ecotipos, se observó un incremento significativo de los compuestos fenólicos totales y su capacidad antioxidante. En la cosecha, la maca roja presentó la mayor concentración de compuestos fenólicos. Los análisis HPLC-PDA revelaron la prevalencia de 11 compuestos fenólicos, pero con diferentes concentraciones en cada ecotipo y en cada etapa de estudio, seis derivados del flavanol (flavan-3-ol), cuatro derivados del ácido benzoico y un derivado del ácido o-cumárico. El secado post-cosecha en condiciones naturales, generó una pérdida significativa (maca amarilla 89,90%, maca roja 82,49% y maca negra 66,31%) de compuestos fenólicos, principalmente derivados del ácido benzoico y o-cumárico, llegando a límites no detectables, toleraron estas condiciones dos derivados del flavanol (flavan-3-ol). Los resultados del estudio sugieren mejorar el manejo post-cosecha para preservar el contenido de compuestos fenólicos.
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Received June 18, 2018.
Accepted March 17, 2019.
Corresponding author: eyabar@uncp.edu.pe (E. Yábar).
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