Propuesta de parámetros de diseño de un reactor UASB para el tratamiento de aguas residuales porcinas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2018.03.09Keywords:
reactor UASB, aguas residuales, crianza intensiva de cerdos.Abstract
Se evaluó el comportamiento y eficiencia de un reactor UASB de 1 m3 alimentado con aguas residuales de la crianza intensiva de cerdos, y se buscaron valores para los parámetros tiempo de retención hidráulico (TRH) y velocidad de carga orgánica (VCO) que orienten el diseño de instalaciones industriales. Con este fin, el reactor se operó bajo diferentes TRH. La eficiencia del reactor UASB en la remoción de DQO total y de sólidos suspendidos totales (SST) estuvo condicionada por la VCO y TRH aplicados, así como por la concentración de SST en el influente. Aplicando un tiempo de residencia hidráulico de 4 días (VCO promedio de 1,6 kg.m-3.d-1), el reactor UASB alcanzó una eficiencia promedio de remoción de DQO total de 77,4 %. Trabajando con un TRH de 3 días a VCO promedio de 2,1 y 2,4 kg.m-3.d-1, la remoción promedio de DQO total presentó valores de 72,1 y 70,7%, respectivamente, y la remoción de SST alcanzó valores promedio de 52,0 y 60,2%. En base a los resultados obtenidos, se proponen como valores a considerar en el diseño de reactores UASB para el tratamiento de efluentes porcinos con características similares a las presentadas en este estudio, VCO de 2,3 kg.m-3.d-1 y TRH igual a 3 días, para garantizar la estabilidad del proceso.
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Received June 3, 2018.
Accepted August 13, 2018.
Corresponding author: rvela@lamolina.edu.pe (R. Vela).
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