La inclusión de recursos alimenticios alternativos en la dieta de tilapia nilótica (Oreochromis niloticus) mejora su perfil de ácidos grasos

Julio Alejandro Franco-Ortega; Liliana Lucía Betancourt-Lopez; Adriana Patricia Muñoz-Ramirez; Gustavo Alfaro Wills-Franco

doi:10.17268/agroind.sci.2024.03.06

Autores/as

Julio Alejandro Franco-Ortega Fundación Universitaria Agraria de Colombia UNIAGRARIA, Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas y Contables. Bogotá, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3836-8535
Liliana Lucía Betancourt-Lopez Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Departamento de Producción Animal, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0172-7896
Adriana Patricia Muñoz-Ramirez Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Departamento de Producción Animal, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6706-7363
Gustavo Alfaro Wills-Franco Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Departamento de Producción Animal, Colombia. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1088-0817

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/agroind.sci.2024.03.06

Palabras clave:

silage viscera, chia seed, flax seed, omega-3, diet functional

Resumen

El enriquecimiento del filete de tilapia con ácidos grasos (AG) omega-3 (n-3) es una alternativa para mejorar la competitividad de los productos acuícolas. Se evaluaron dietas extruidas isoenergéticas e isoprotéicas con inclusión de 0%, 5%, 10% y 15% de semilla de chía (SC) y de Lino (SL); 0%, 3%, 5%, y 8% de ensilaje de vísceras de cachama (EVC) y 0%, 4%, 7% y 10% de ensilaje de vísceras de trucha (EVT) como fuentes alternativas de lípidos y un tratamiento control (C) con 100% de ingredientes comunes. Se determinó el desempeño productivo y el perfil de AG en el filete de tilapia. El perfil de AG tanto en dietas como filetes se determinó por cromatografía de gases. Las materias primas alternativas permitieron incrementar el contenido de AG n-3 (p < 0,05) en un periodo de 48 días. Con un 9% de inclusión de SC se maximizó la deposición de AG n-3. Con los demás recursos alimenticios se encontró una respuesta lineal en la deposición de AG n-3. El contenido de AG n-3 en el filete se maximizó con 15% de SL, 10% de EVT y 8% de EVC (p < 0,05). Las fuentes vegetales superaron el contenido de AG n-3 respecto a las fuentes animales. La relación entre AG n-6:n-3 se redujo de 5,9 para el control hasta 4,4 con la inclusión de SC (p < 0,05). Se concluye que la inclusión de recursos alimenticios alternativos en la dieta de tilapia Nilótica es viable y permite una mayor deposición de ácidos grasos n-3.

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