COVID19 – Breve revisión del SARS-CoV-2

Anthony Leon

Authors

Anthony Leon SARS International Centre for Marine Molecular Biology

Abstract

En diciembre del 2019, una enfermedad respiratoria denominada COVID19 apareció en la ciudad de Wuhan, China, y se expandió a nivel global. Dicha enfermedad es causada por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, y constituye la mayor amenaza a la salud pública dentro de las ultimas décadas. Actualmente, es vital estudiar dicha enfermedad a nivel multidisciplinario para encontrar tratamientos efectivos, así como para comprender su desarrollo e impacto dentro de la historia humana. Este artículo de revisión se centra en recapitular la información que se conoce hasta la fecha sobre este virus, su origen, características y las estrategias que diversos gobiernos han adoptado en los últimos meses.

Palabras claves: COVID19, coronavirus, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV2.

ABSTRACT

In December 2019, a respiratory disease named COVID19 emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, and it spread around the globe. This disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus and it constitutes the major threat to public health in the last decades. Currently, it is vital to study this disease at a multidisciplinary level in order to find effective treatments, and to understand its development and impact in human history. This review focus on collecting the so-far-known information about this virus, its origin, characteristics and the strategies adopted by several governments in the last months.

Keywords: COVID19, coronavirus, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV2.

Mensaje clave

La información brindaba en este artículo de revisión está fundamentada en una investigación bibliográfica rápida a partir de artículos citados en Pubmed, así como datos accesibles en NCBI y prensa internacional. Debido al avance rápido de los estudios sobre SARS-CoV-2, gran parte de la información mundial es actualizada diariamente, por lo cual este artículo puede contener información susceptible al cambio en las siguientes semanas.

References

Castagnoli, Riccardo, Martina Votto, Amelia Licari, Ilaria Brambilla, Raffaele Bruno, Stefano Perlini, Francesca Rovida, Fausto Baldanti, and Gian Luigi Marseglia. “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.” JAMA Pediatrics, April 22, 2020.

https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.1467.

Callaway, E. (2020). The race for coronavirus vaccines: a graphical guide. Nature, 580(7805), 576-577. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01221-y

Cohen, Jon. “Mice, Hamsters, Ferrets, Monkeys. Which Lab Animals Can Help Defeat the New Coronavirus?” Science | AAAS, April 13, 2020 https://doi:10.1126/science.abc2335

Cyranoski, David. “Profile of a Killer: The Complex Biology Powering the Coronavirus Pandemic.” Nature 581, no. 7806 (May 4, 2020): 22–26. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01315-7.

Cyranoski, David. “Mystery Deepens over Animal Source of Coronavirus.” Nature 579, no. 7797 (February 26, 2020): 18–19. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-00548-w.

Forster, Peter, Lucy Forster, Colin Renfrew, and Michael Forster. “Phylogenetic Network Analysis of SARS-CoV-2 Genomes.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 17 (April 28, 2020): 9241–43.

https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2004999117.

Gibney, Elizabeth. “Whose Coronavirus Strategy Worked Best? Scientists Hunt Most Effective Policies.” Nature 581, no. 7806 (April 27, 2020): 15–16. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01248-1.

Guan, Wei-jie, Zheng-yi Ni, Yu Hu, Wen-hua Liang, Chun-quan Ou, Jian-xing He, Lei Liu, et al. “Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China.” New England Journal of Medicine, February 28, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.

Kim, Dongwan, Joo-Yeon Lee, Jeong-Sun Yang, Jun Won Kim, V. Narry Kim, and Hyeshik Chang. “The Architecture of SARS-CoV-2 Transcriptome.” BioRxiv, March 15, 2020, 2020.03.12.988865. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.12.988865.

Ledford, Heidi. “How Does COVID-19 Kill? Uncertainty Is Hampering Doctors’ Ability to Choose Treatments.” Nature 580, no. 7803 (April 9, 2020): 311–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01056-7.

Ledford, Heidi. “Coronavirus Shuts down Trials of Drugs for Multiple Other Diseases.” Nature 580, no. 7801 (2020): 15–16. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-00889-6.

Liu, Ping, Wu Chen, and Jin-Ping Chen. “Viral Metagenomics Revealed Sendai Virus and Coronavirus Infection of Malayan Pangolins (Manis Javanica).” Viruses 11, no. 11 (November 2019): 979. https://doi.org/10.3390/v11110979.

Lu, Roujian, Xiang Zhao, Juan Li, Peihua Niu, Bo Yang, Honglong Wu, Wenling Wang, et al. “Genomic Characterisation and Epidemiology of 2019 Novel Coronavirus: Implications for Virus Origins and Receptor Binding.” Lancet (London, England) 395, no. 10224 (2020): 565–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30251-8.

Mallapaty, Smriti. “Why Does the Coronavirus Spread so Easily between People?” Nature 579, no. 7798 (2020): 183. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-00660-x.

Maxmen, Amy. “How Blood from Coronavirus Survivors Might Save Lives.” Nature 580, no. 7801 (March 24, 2020): 16–17. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-00895-8.

Seto WH. Airborne transmission and precautions: facts and myths. J Hosp Infect. 2015; 89(4):225-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2014.11.005. PMID: 25578684

Zhang, Tao, Qunfu Wu, and Zhigang Zhang. “Probable Pangolin Origin of SARS-CoV-2 Associated with the COVID-19 Outbreak.” Current Biology: CB 30, no. 7 (06 2020): 1346-1351.e2. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2020.03.022.

World Health Organization. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak. htt://www.who.int

Worldometers: COVID-19 pandemic. https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/#countries