Long-Term impact of rice cultivation on soil quality indicators in Northern Amazonia Savanna

Valdinar Ferreira Melo; Ariane Evald; Paulo Roberto Ribeiro Rocha; Sandra Cátia Pereira Uchôa; Ricardo Manuel Bardales-Lozano; Zachary Senwo; Apollinaire Adandonon

doi:10.17268/sci.agropecu.2025.012

Autores/as

Valdinar Ferreira Melo Department of Soil and Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7943-9969
Ariane Evald Department of Urban Ecology Prourb, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1676-8498
Paulo Roberto Ribeiro Rocha Department of Soil and Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4848-385X
Sandra Cátia Pereira Uchôa Department of Soil and Agricultural Engineering, Universidade Federal de Roraima, Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4224-070X
Ricardo Manuel Bardales-Lozano Departamento Académico de Suelos y Cultivos, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Loreto, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4442-3024
Zachary Senwo Departamento of Biological & Environmental Sciences, College of Agricultural, Life & Natural Sciences, Alabama A&M University, Huntisville, Alabama, USA. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2337-9247
Apollinaire Adandonon L’Ecole de Gestion et de Production Végétale et Semencière, Université Nationale d'Agriculture, Ketou, Benin. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5821-2100

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2025.012

Palabras clave:

enzymatic activity, soil microbiology, soil indicators, Amazon soils

Resumen

Changes in soil attributes following changes in management strategies in rice cultivation can alter soil quality, either positively or negatively. The aim of this study was to evaluate soil quality indicators, based on physical, chemical and microbiological soil attributes in Amazonian savanna under rice cultivation with different ages. The research was conducted in five areas under continuous rice cultivation during 1, 3, 8, 13, and 25 years, compared with local reference native vegetation. Soil samples were collected at 0-10 cm depth and evaluated for physical attributes such as texture and bulk density, chemical properties such as soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, exchangeable cations, available P, pH, CEC and C/N ratio; and microbiological attributes like microbial biomass carbon, soil microbial respiration, metabolic ratio and microbial coefficient. Acid phosphatase and urease activity were evaluated. With longer periods of time of rice cultivation, soil quality was enhanced with increasing soil fertility, increased soil organic carbon content and enzyme activity. The paddy soil indicators were sensitive to changes in rice cultivation and its duration. Acid phosphatase activity and available phosphorus increased with longer time of rice cultivation, indicating a possible conversion of inorganic into organic phosphorus forms, corroborated by increasing phosphatase activity. Microbiological (SMB-C, SBR, qMIC and qCO₂) and biochemical (urease and acid phosphatase) indicators, as well as soil organic carbon and total nitrogen were highly sensitive to land use changes. Chemical and microbiological indicators are suitable for estimating paddy soil quality in lowland of Amazonian savanna.

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