Postharvest storage of three chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.) varieties

Yeimy  Ramírez-Rodas; Lourdes  Arévalo-Galarza; Jorge  Cadena-Iñiguez; Adriana  Delgado-Alvarado; Lucero  Ruiz-Posadas; Marcos  Soto-Hernández

doi:10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.027

Autores/as

Yeimy Ramírez-Rodas Colegio de Postgraduados, km. 36.5 carretera México - Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México. C.P. 56230 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6361-6377
Lourdes Arévalo-Galarza Colegio de Postgraduados, km. 36.5 carretera México - Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México. C.P. 56230 http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1474-2200
Jorge Cadena-Iñiguez Colegio de Postgraduados, Iturbide No. 73, Salinas de Hidalgo, San Luis Potosí. C. P. 78600 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6427-0646
Adriana Delgado-Alvarado Colegio de Postgraduados, km. 125.5 Boulevard Forjadores de Puebla, C.P. 72760, Puebla, Puebla http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1815-8936
Lucero Ruiz-Posadas Colegio de Postgraduados, km. 36.5 carretera México - Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México. C.P. 56230. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4922-3710
Marcos Soto-Hernández Colegio de Postgraduados, km. 36.5 carretera México - Texcoco, Montecillo, Texcoco, Estado de México. C.P. 56230 http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8577-7991

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17268/sci.agropecu.2021.027

Palabras clave:

1-methylcyclopropene, blisters, nigrum spinosum, nigrum xalapensis, virens levis, viviparism

Resumen

The consumer demand for chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw.) fruits has increased in recent years, virens levis being the most important variety, although other chayote varieties are gaining importance such as nigrum xalapensis and n. spinosum. However, the postharvest behavior of these varieties is different, so it is important to evaluate the factors that limit the shelf life of each variety. Therefore, in this study, fruits of each variety from the Mexican National Germplasm Bank of Sechium edule were used. The following fruit quality variables were evaluated: weight loss, humidity (%), color, chlorophyll, titratable acidity, total soluble solids (TSS), total sugars, and stomatal characteristics. In addition, the storage potential of each variety was evaluated for two weeks at different temperatures, 7°, 13° (85% RH) and 24 °C (60% RH), with the application of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP). The variables evaluated were viviparism, disease severity, weight loss, dehydration and chilling injury (CI). The fruits of n. xalapensis and n. spinosum have a higher content of chlorophylls and carotenoids, but similar contents of TSS, acidity and total sugars than v. levis fruits. The use of 1-MCP reduced viviparism in all varieties, and the severity of blisters was higher in v. levis. The fruits of the three varieties presented severe CI when stored at 7 °C but the most susceptible to dehydration and diseases severity is n. spinosum.

Citas

AOAC. (1994). Association of Official Analytical Chemists. Official Methods of Analysis. Washington, D.C.

Aung, L. H., Harris, C. M., & Jenner, J. F. (2004). Chemical growth regulators on postharvest sprout development of Sechium edule Swartz. Phyton, 65 (1), 155-164.

Aung, L. H., Harris, C. M., Rij, R. E., & Brown, J. W. (1996). Postharvest storage temperature and film wrap effects on quality of chayote, Sechium edule Sw. Journal Horticultural Science, 71(2), 297-304.

Avendaño-Arrazate, C. H., Cadena-Iñíguez, J., Arévalo-Galarza, L., & Cisneros-Solano, V.M. (2014). Participatory genetic improvement in chayote. Revista Agroproductividad, 7 (6), 30-39.

Balaguera-López, H. E., Espinal-Ruiz, M., Rodríguez-Nieto, J. M., Herrera-Arévalo, A., & Zacarías, L. (2021). 1-Methylcyclopropene inhibits ethylene perception and biosynthesis: A theoretical and experimental study on cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.) fruits. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 174, 111467.

Barrera-Guzmán, L. A., Cadena-Iñiguez, J., Legaria-Solano, J. P., & Sahagún-Castellanos, J. (2021). Phylogenetics of the genus Sechium P. Brown: A review. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 19, e07R01

Barrientos-Priego, A. F., Borys, M. W., Trejo, C., & López, L. L. (2003). Índice y densidad estomática foliar en plántulas de tres razas de aguacatero. Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana, 26(4), 291-299.

Blanke, M. M. (1992). Photosynthesis of avocado fruit. In: Proceedings of Second World Avocado Congress. Eds. C. Lovatt, P.A. Holthe and M.L. Arpaia. University of California, Riverside, CA, pp 179 –189.

Cadena-Iñiguez, J., Arévalo, G. M. L., Avendaño, A. C. H., Soto, H. M., Ruiz, P. L. M., et al. (2007). Production, Genetics, Postharvest Management and Pharmacological Characteristics of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. Fresh Produce Global Science Books, 1(1), 41-53.

Cadena-Iñiguez, J., Avendaño-Arrazate, C. H., Soto-Hernández, M., Ruiz-Posadas, L. M., Aguirre-Medina, J. F., & Arévalo-Galarza, L. (2008). Infraspecific variation of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 55(1), 835-847.

Cadena-Iñiguez, J., Arévalo, G. M. L., Ruiz, P. L. M., Aguirre, M. J. F., Soto, H. M., et al. (2006). Quality evaluation and influence of 1-MCP on Sechium edule fruit during postharvest. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 40(2), 170-176.

Cadena-Iñiguez, J., Soto, H. M., Arévalo, G. M. L., Avendaño, A. C. H., Aguirre, M. J. F., & Ruiz, P. L. M. (2011). Caracterización bioquímica de variedades domesticadas de chayote Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. comparadas con parientes silvestres. Revista Chapingo Serie Horticultura., 17(2), 45-55.

Corbineau, F., Xia, Q., Bailly, C., & El-Maarouf-Bouteau, H. (2014). Ethylene, a key factor in the regulation of seed dormancy. Frontiers in Plant Science, 5, 539.

Cruz, E., & Deras, H. (2000). Colecta de frutales tropicales en El Salvador. Agronomía Mesoamericana, 11(2), 97-100.

García-Beltrán, J. A., Barrios, D., González-Torres, L. R., Cuza, A., & Toledo, S. (2021). Vivipary in cuban cacti and an assessment of establishment success in Leptocereus scopulophilus. Journal of Arid Environments, 184, 104322.

Gong, H. J., Fullerton, C., Billing, D., & Burdon, J. (2020). Retardation of ‘Hayward’ kiwifruit tissue zone softening during storage by 1-methylcyclopropene. Scientia Hortioculturae, 259, 108791.

Guillén, F. (2009). 1-MCP como estrategia de conservación. Horticultura Internacional, 69(1), 18-24.

Kader, A. A. (2002). Postharvest Technology of Horticultural Crops. University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources. Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Oakland, California 94608. p. 535

Lichtenthaler, H. K. (1987). Chlorophylls and carotenoids: pigments of photosynthetic biomembranes. Methods in Enzymology, 148, 350-382.

López, E. J., Ortega, S. G., López, M. A. H., León, J. J., Puente, E. O. R., & Amador, B. M. (2015). Producción de pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) en función de la densidad de plantación en condiciones de invernadero. European Science Journal, 11(24), 25-36.

Montecinos, P. L. A., Arévalo, G. M. L., García, O. C., Cadena, I.J., & Ramírez, G. M. (2019). Calidad poscosecha de frutos de chayote almacenados a baja temperatura. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 10(5), 1157-1166.

Moreno, V. D., Cruz, R. W., García, L. E., Ibáñez, M. A., Barrios, D. J. M., & Barrios, D. B. (2013). Cambios fisicoquímicos poscosecha en tres cultivares de pepino con y sin película plástica. Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Agrícolas, 4(6), 909-920.

Olguín-Hernández, G., Cadena-Iñiguez, J., Arévalo-Galarza, L., Valdez-Carrasco, J., Hanako-Rosas, G., & Tlapal-Bolaños, B. (2017). Organismos asociados al chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) Sw. en México. Ed. Biblioteca de Agricultura. Colegio de Postgraduados.

Kolde, R. (2019). Pheatmap: Pretty Heatmaps. R package version 1.0.12.

Rangel, D. M., Cepeda, J. S., Pérez, J. D., & Torres, B. V. (2004). Efecto de las condiciones de almacenamiento y el encerado en el estatus hídrico y la calidad poscosecha de pepino de mesa. Revista Fitotecnia Mexicana, 27(2), 157-165.

Rodríguez, R. A., Valdés, M. P., & Ortiz, S. (2018). Características agronómicas y calidad nutricional de los frutos y semillas de zapallo Cucurbita sp. Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal, 10(1), 86-97.

Romero-Velázquez, S. D., Tlapal, B. B., Cadena, I. J., Nieto, A. D., & Arévalo, G. L. (2015). Hongos causantes de enfermedades postcosecha en chayote (Sechium edule (Jacq.) SW.) y su control in vitro. Agronomía Costarricense, 39(2), 19-32.

Salisbury, E. J. (1928). On the causes and ecological significance of stomatal frequency, with special reference to the woodland flora. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 216(1), 1-65.

Sánchez, C., Fischer, G., & Sanjuanelo, D. W. (2013). Stomatal behavior in fruits and leaves of the purple passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) and fruits and cladodes of the yellow pitaya [Hylocereus megalanthus (K. Schum. ex Vaupel) Ralf Bauer]. Agronomía Colombiana, 31(1), 38-47.

Saran, P. L., Choudhary, R., Solanki, I. S.& Kumar, P. R. (2014). New fruit and seed disorders in papaya (Carica papaya L.) in India. African Journal of Biotechnology, 13(4), 574-580.

Silva-Andrade, I. S., Ferrerira de Melo, C. A., de Sousa-Nunes, G. H., Araújo-Holanda, I. S. A., Costa-Grangeiro, L., & Corrêa, R. X. (2021). Phenotypic variability, diversity and genetic-population structure in melon (Cucumis melo L.) associated with total soluble solids. Scientia Horticulturae, 278, 109844.

Tridge. (2020). Overview of Global Chayote Market. 8/05/2021, Tridge Website: https://www.tridge.com/intelligences/chayote

Valverde, E., Sáenz, M. V., & Vargas, E. (1989). Estudios preliminares sobre la conservación de la fruta de chayote (Sechium edule) después de la cosecha. Agronomía Costarricense, 13(1), 25-33.

van Meeteren, U., & Aliniaeifard, S. (2016). Stomata and Postharvest Physiology. In Postharvest Ripening Physiology of Crops, Boca Ratón Florida, USA, Taylor & Francis Group. 60 p.

Vargas, G. E. (1988). La vejiga del fruto, una nueva enfermedad del chayote (Sechium edule L.) Agronomía Costarricense, 12(1), 123-125.

Wang, P., Zhang, B., Li, X., Xu, C., Yin, X., et al. (2010). Ethylene signal transduction elements involved in chilling injury in non-climacteric loquat fruit. Journal of Experimental Botany, 61(1), 179–190.

Zhang, J., Ma, Y., Dong, C., Terry, L. A., Watkins, C. B., Yu, Z., & Cheng, Z. M. (2020). Meta-analysis of the effects of1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatment on climacteric fruit ripening. Horticulture Research, 7, 208.