Los prebióticos y su efecto en el crecimiento de Lactobacillus: Una revisión actualizada
Palabras clave:
Lactobacillus, prebióticos, microbiota intestinal, simbióticos, salud humanaResumen
El objetivo de esta revisión fue analizar críticamente la evidencia reciente sobre el efecto de los prebióticos en el crecimiento de bacterias del género Lactobacillus, considerando estudios in vitro, en modelos animales y en humanos. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de literatura en bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus y ScienceDirect. La evidencia indica que los prebióticos favorecen selectivamente el crecimiento y actividad metabólica de Lactobacillus, promoviendo la producción de metabolitos bioactivos, como ácidos grasos de cadena corta y bacteriocinas, con efectos antimicrobianos, inmunomoduladores y antiinflamatorios. Asimismo, su uso en formulaciones simbióticas potencia beneficios metabólicos e inmunológicos en el hospedero. No obstante, la variabilidad interindividual en la respuesta a los prebióticos resalta la necesidad de estrategias nutricionales personalizadas. En conclusión, los prebióticos constituyen moduladores clave de la microbiota intestinal con implicancias relevantes para la salud humana.
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