EFECTO DE BACTERIAS PROBIÓTICAS EN LA SUPERVIVENCIA DE LARVAS DE Argopecten purpuratus FRENTE AL DESAFÍO DE Vibrio anguillarum y Aeromonas salmonicida

Ángel Pablo Castro Alvarado; Álvaro Edmundo Tresierra Aguilar; José Manuel Villanueva Carlos

Autores/as

Ángel Pablo Castro Alvarado Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Santa, Perú. Av. Universitaria s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, Urbanización Bellamar, Nuevo Chimbote, Ancash, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5984-0587
Álvaro Edmundo Tresierra Aguilar Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Av. Juan Pablo II s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, Trujillo, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8611-7426
José Manuel Villanueva Carlos Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional del Santa, Perú. Av. Universitaria s/n. Ciudad Universitaria, Urbanización Bellamar, Nuevo Chimbote, Ancash, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5056-0001

Resumen

El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de bacterias probióticas provenientes del intestino de Argopecten purpuratus en el desafío de bacterias patógenas Vibrio anguillarum y Aeromonas salmonicida en larvas de Argopecten purpuratus. Se aislaron 30 cultivos microbianos del intestino de A. purpuratus adultos de los cuales 12 presentaron acción inhibitoria. Se seleccionaron cinco bacterias con acción antagonista para ambas bacterias patógenas in vitro. La evaluación se realizó mediante sobrecapa con la bacteria patógena. Después de 24 horas de adición de cinco bacterias candidatas a probióticos en las larvas, por separado se desafío con las bacterias patógenas. ANOVA de dos factores indica que los tratamientos son estadísticamente diferentes (p<0,05) para V. anguillarum y para A. salmonicida. Los probióticos rotulados como Prob A y Prob B redujeron la mortalidad larval por las bacterias patógenas. El Prob A, a 106 células/mL al cabo de 72 horas redujo a 29,88% cuando fue desafiado con A. salmonicida y 34,86% con V. anguillarum; en cambio, el Prob B a 106 células/mL redujo 47,83% cuando fue desafiado con A. salmonicida y 61,08% con V. anguillarum en comparación con el control. Se identificó molecularmente a Prob A como Pseudomonas stuzeri y Prob B como Bacillus sp.

Palabras clave: Argopecten purpuratus, probióticos, desafío larval.

Abstract

The objective was to evaluate the effect of probiotic bacteria from the intestine of Argopecten purpuratus in the challenge of pathogenic bacteria Vibrio anguillarum and Aeromonas salmonicida in larvae of Argopecten purpuratus. Thirty microbial cultures were isolated from the intestine of adult A. purpuratus, of which 12 showed inhibitory action. Five bacteria with antagonistic action were selected for both pathogenic bacteria in vitro. The evaluation was carried out by overcoating with the pathogenic bacteria. After 24 hours of addition of five candidate bacteria to probiotics in the larvae, they were separately challenged with the pathogenic bacteria. Two-factor ANOVA indicates that the treatments are statistically different (p<0.05) for V. anguillarum and for A. salmonicida. Probiotics labeled Prob A and Prob B reduced larval mortality from pathogenic bacteria. Prob A, at 106 cells/mL after 72 hours, reduced to 29.88% when challenged with A. salmonicida and 34.86% with V. anguillarum; In contrast, Prob B at 106 cells /mL reduced 47.83% when challenged with A. salmonicida and 61.08% with V. anguillarum compared to the control. Prob A was molecularly identified as Pseudomonas stuzeri and Prob B as Bacillus sp.

Keywords: Argopecten purpuratus, probiotics, larval challenge

* Autor para correspondencia: E. mail: acastro@uns.edu.pe

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/rebiol.2021.41.01.13

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