ISSN: 2522-6150 (En línea) - 1028-7272 (Impresa). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17268/rmt. La Revista Médica de Trujillo, es una revista científica de periodicidad trimestral, fomenta la investigación científica original, el debate académico y la difusión del conocimiento en medicina y salud pública bajo estándares éticos internacionales (ICMJE y COPE). Publica artículos inéditos en español, portugués e inglés, incluyendo estudios originales, revisiones sistemáticas, reportes de caso y ensayos críticos. Su alcance abarca las ciencias biomédicas, clínicas, epidemiológicas y de salud pública, con especial énfasis en problemáticas regionales y globales de relevancia para la práctica médica. Registrada/Indizada: Latindex 2.0, Wikidata, REDIB. Patrocinada por la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Perú.
Post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy breast cancer residual burden index
Breast cancer is a public health problem worldwide and represented the highest incidence of malignant tumors in women in 2020. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in primary breast cancer reduces the stage of disease prior to conservation therapy of the breast and the evaluation of therapeutic adherence. The therapeutic response is determined with the histopathological study evaluating the pathological response measured with the residual cancer burden (RCB) index calculator. The objective of this literature review is to compile, analyze, and synthesize the current information regarding the Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) index. The electronic literature databases searched were: Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed, articles from the last five years with observational, cohort, case-control designs, systematic reviews, and meta-analysis were selected. The search terms were breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy, residual cancer, pathological complete response. Triple-negative and HER2-negative subtypes are associated with a high RCB index and low survival. There is an association between the RCB index with the pathological response and disease-free survival, and allows deciding the treatment plan in routine practice.
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Proximal root grooves and periodontal attachment loss: a morphological study
Objective: The objective was to deepen the understanding of the morphology of the grooves present on the proximal surfaces of the roots of permanent anterior teeth, both maxillary and mandibular, and to evaluate the relationship between their presence or absence and periodontal attachment loss. Materials and methods: Proximal root grooves were analyzed in 150 extracted maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth. To assess periodontal attachment loss, root surfaces were stained with 0.1% toluidine blue. In addition, the relationship between the presence or absence of grooves and the degree of periodontal attachment loss was examined. Results: The prevalence of proximal root grooves was 86.67%. In maxillary teeth, the prevalence was 43.42%, while in mandibular teeth it reached 56.67%. Surfaces with grooves were found to have greater attachment loss compared to those without grooves. Conclusion: Proximal root grooves are identified as a relevant local etiological factor in periodontal attachment loss, highlighting the need to consider them in the diagnosis, prognosis, and planning of periodontal treatment.
Britto Ebert Falcón-Guerrero Falcón-Guerrero
Efficacy of early intratympanic corticosteroid therapy with dexamethasone in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss refractory to oral corticosteroid therapy
Objetive: To determine the efficacy of early intratympanic corticosteroid therapy in improving hearing in patients with sudden idiopathic sensorineural hearing loss treated at the Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo Hospital from 2010 to 2019. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in patients with sensorineural hearing loss aged 18 to 59 years. A sample of 37 patients who received early corticosteroid therapy and 37 patients who received late corticosteroid therapy were included. Their medical records were reviewed, and chi-square, relative risk, and analysis of variance were applied. Results: The average increase in decibel level in patients who received early therapy was 5.9 dB (95% CI: 1.81-9.92) greater than in those who received late therapy, with p=0.005. Likewise, in those who received early therapy, the probability of hearing improvement increased by 60% (95% CI: 1-154%) compared to those who received late therapy. Conclusions: Early intratympanic corticosteroid therapy was more effective than late therapy, as patients were more likely to experience hearing improvement in both decibels and percentage frequency.
Descent and spatial distribution of eleven strains of Aedes aegypti resistant to organophosphates and carbamates in Sullana, Peru, 2024
Objective: To determine the inheritance and spatial distribution of resistance to organophosphates and carbamates in eleven Aedes aegypti strains from Sullana, Peru, 2024. Materials and Methods: Under laboratory conditions, L4-stage larvae were reared to adulthood, representing an F0 generation for each strain. Subsequently, adults were allowed to reproduce to obtain F1 eggs. From each F0 strain, ten adult females were selected and distributed into eleven groups, yielding a total of 110 females. Likewise, from each F1 strain, sixty eggs were selected and distributed into eleven groups, for a total of 660 eggs. DNA was extracted from the legs of each group of females and from the eggs, and the AceR gene (acetylcholinesterase mutation, AChE) was detected using conventional PCR. Results: The AceR gene was identified in all strains, both in F0 females and F1 eggs, suggesting that this mutation represents a transmissible and/or heritable genetic trait. In addition, the spatial distribution of mutant mosquitoes included a cemetery, which may represent one of the foci contributing to the spread of Aedes aegypti carrying the AceR mutation. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate the circulation and establishment of Aedes aegypti populations with a genotype resistant to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides, providing valuable entomological and genetic information for the development of phenotypic resistance assays and/or effective vector control strategies.
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Bibliographical review of Cushuro as a source of iron
This article analyzes the nutritional characteristics and benefits of cushuro, a Peruvian Andean algae. This natural resource, rich in proteins, iron, minerals, and vitamins, grows in water bodies of Andean regions and presents great potential to combat anemia, a prevalent condition in young children that affects their cognitive and emotional development. Research has demonstrated its high nutritional value and suitability for human consumption, highlighting its capacity to improve public health in rural and urban areas of Peru. A narrative review was conducted through a structured search in scientific databases (PubMed, SciELO, Google Scholar) and medical biochemistry textbooks, selecting relevant and up-to-date sources published between 2000 and 2025. Keywords in Spanish and English were used, and inclusion criteria included thematic relevance, scientific rigor, and source currency. Cushuro, which is harvested in the wild, is accessible and low-cost, particularly benefiting low-income individuals. Additionally, it can be incorporated into a variety of dishes due to its neutral taste and gelatinous form, and it has important medicinal applications, such as strengthening the bone system, stabilizing the nervous system, and improving blood coagulation. The absorption and metabolism of iron, essential for hemoglobin synthesis, further emphasize the relevance of cushuro as a nutritious and sustainable solution to address anemia and improve overall health.
Copyright (c) 2025 "Los autores conservarán sus derechos de autor y garantizarán a la revista el derecho de primera publicación de su obra" https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Anxiety levels and eating habits in university students from the Trujillo district
Objetive: To determine the association between anxiety levels and eating habits among university students in Trujillo, Peru. Methods: A cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted in 209 students aged 18–25 years. Anxiety was assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and eating habits were evaluated through a validated questionnaire adapted for university populations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the chi-square test. Results: A total of 65.8% of students presented low anxiety levels, and 78.4% reported adequate eating habits. No significant association was found between anxiety levels and eating habits (χ² = 0.040; p = 0.980). Conclusion: Anxiety levels were not significantly related to eating habits among university students in Trujillo.
Risk factors for extrapulmonary tuberculosis at the Cajamarca Regional Teaching Hospital
Objetivo: Determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a la tuberculosis extrapulmonar en pacientes del Hospital Regional de Cajamarca del 2021 al 2023. Métodos: El estudio realizado es observacional analítico, sustentado en el análisis de historias clínicas de pacientes diagnosticados con Tuberculosis extrapulmonar. Para el análisis y caracterización de datos se empleó estadísticas descriptivas y la prueba de chi-cuadrado para la evaluación y relación entre factores sociodemográficos y antecedentes patológicos con la presencia de Tuberculosis extrapulmonar. Resultados: Se encontró que la TB meníngea fue la forma clínica más frecuente (37.17%), seguida de la TB pleural (10.62%) y la TB ósea y articular (9.73%). Entre las características sociodemográficas, se encontró una relación significativa entre la TBEP y la edad, el género, el nivel de estudios y el número de personas por habitación (p < 0.05). Mientras que, no se halló relación significativa con la procedencia, el estado civil ni el tiempo en transporte público. Sobre los antecedentes patológicos, las comorbilidades como VIH, desnutrición, enfermedad renal crónica y cáncer presentaron una relación significativa con la TBEP (p < 0.05), pero el contacto previo con TB, el lugar de contacto y el consumo de sustancias adictivas no mostraron una asociación relevante. Además, no se identificó relación entre la vacunación con BCG y la TBEP (p > 0.05). Conclusión: Sólo algunos de los factores sociodemográficos mostraron asociación significativa con la tuberculosis extrapulmonar, incentivar estudios acerca de esta presentación clínica es muy importante porque al ser infrecuente se generan retraso en el diagnóstico; se plantea la elaboración de estudios adicionales con enfoque analítico para ampliar la relación causa-efecto de estos factores y su alcance en el avance de la enfermedad.
Association between predisposing clinical characteristics and complications of phacoemulsification and between the presence of complications and final visual acuity
Objetive: To determine whether there is an association between the existence of predisposing clinical characteristics and the presence of intraoperative complications of phacoemulsification, and between the presence of complications and final visual acuity in patients diagnosed with cataracts, who were operated on 2019 at an Ophthalmology Institute. Methods: Analytical observational study in a retrospective cohort, having reviewed 1,561 medical records; 1,174 were excluded because they corresponded to patients with systemic or ocular comorbidities that could affect the visual out come, and 387 records were included, in which it was found that 156 patients had undergone surgery on both eyes (312 surgeries) and 231 on one eye only, leaving 543 surgeries to be analyzed. The frequency of predisposing clinical characteristics and the presence of intraoperative complications were determined, and an association between them was sought (first phase); The frequency of complications was then related to visual acuity one month after surgery (second phase). Results: the mean age was 69,5 ± 8,5 years, and 52,4 % were men. Capsular pseudoexfoliation and pupillary dilation < 6 mm were the most frequent predisposing clinical characteristics in surgeries with intraoperative complications (p < 0,050). The frequency of complications was 7 %, with posterior capsule rupture predominating (3,8 %). Post-operative best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was significantly lower in the presence of complications (p = 0,014; however, visual success (BCVA better than 20/60) was achieved in 36 of the 38 complicated cases. Conclusion: The frequency of complications was 7 %, with posterior capsule rupture predominating. An association was found between the presence of capsular pseudoexfoliation and pupillary dilation equal to or less than 6 mm and the frequency of complications. Final visual acuity better than 20/60 was achieved in 94,7 % of patients with complications and in 99,8 % of those without complications, p = 0,014.
Curcumin in the biochemistry of metabolic syndrome: A literature review
Metabolic syndrome has been developing over the years, affecting a significant percentage of the population, thus increasing the probability of developing more severe pathologies. In this situation, curcumin, a compound belonging to turmeric, stands out for its health benefits, by counteracting the effects of metabolic syndrome by regulating key enzymes in related biochemical pathways, such as glycolysis, lipolysis, lipogenesis, among others; as well as, with the reduction of oxidative stress and inflammation. Together, these long-term benefits reduce or reverse the progress of metabolic syndrome towards a more serious condition. Multiple studies, including randomized clinical studies and other bibliographic reviews, have verified the effectiveness of curcumin against different alterations, having positive results. Furthermore, recent research, including clinical studies in humans and animals, have shown that curcumin is not toxic, since even at high doses it does not produce significant alterations. On the contrary, brings benefits to the human lifestyle. While more studies are needed to better understand the full effects of curcumin. Even so, it is promising as a chemopreventive agent against the development of metabolic syndrome and its sequelae, as long as, curcumin and its derivatives are integrated as part of the components of future medications or treatments in different diseases, especially metabolic syn.
Role magnesium in adult obese people with dyslipidemia a literature review
Obesity contributes directly to dyslipidaemia due to various factors, one of which has been little studied: magnesium deficiency in obese people may be caused by a deficiency in magnesium intake. Hypomagnesaemia leads to various alterations such as: a diversion of the glucose pathway towards an increase in lipids, oxidative stress, an indirect activation of the NF-κB pathway resulting in insulin resistance and an increase in cholesterol. Research has shown an inverse relationship between magnesium levels and obesity. We conclude that hypomagnesaemia leads to insulin resistance and dyslipidaemias.
Satisfaction and quality of care in prenatal check-ups at the obstetrics department of a public health center in Lima
Objetive: To identify the relationship between satisfaction and quality of care in prenatal care at a state health center in Lima. Methods: The sample consisted of 100 pregnant women who attended prenatal care at a state health center in Lima over a 4-month period. This study was observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional, with a quantitative and correlational approach. It was a relational level study, as its objective was to determine the relationship between the independent and dependent variables and identify whether there is an association between them. To this end, two questionnaires were used: one to measure the satisfaction variable and another to evaluate the quality of care variable. Results: The results showed a statistically significant relationship between satisfaction and quality of care in prenatal care at a state health center in Lima. The contingency coefficient C = 0.692 and a p value < 0.05. Conclusion: that oregano oil does have an antifungal effect against Candida albicans.
Sociodemographic factors associated with the delay in the diagnosis of tuberculosis in the regional teaching Hospital of Cajamarca from 2020 to 2024
Objetive: to evaluate the association between sociodemographic and clinical factors with delayed diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis at the Cajamarca Regional Teaching Hospital from 2020 to 2024. Methods: A database comprising all tuberculosis cases from 2020 to 2024 was obtained from the Epidemiology Office of the Cajamarca Regional Teaching Hospital. Sociodemographic and clinical determinants associated with delays in tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment were analyzed. Out of a total of 275 patients, 64 cases were excluded due to incomplete records, leaving a final sample of 211 patients. Results: The final results of this study show a median diagnostic delay of 27 days. Of all the patients, 62% were male, and there was a similar distribution between pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis presentations. In the bivariate analysis between patient characteristics and diagnostic delay time, no statistically significant associations were found (p < 0.05); the same was observed for treatment delay time. Conclusion: The adult life-course stage showed a significant association with diagnostic delay. The remaining sociodemographic and clinical variables did not demonstrate a statistical association with delays in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis at the Regional Teaching Hospital of Cajamarca. This finding may be attributable to the wide dispersion of the data and the particular characteristics of each region.
Rates and causes of rejection in blood donors from a peruvian hemotherapy center in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic
Objetive: To determine the proportion, relationship and main causes of rejection of blood donors in the Hemotherapy Center of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Trujillo in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 to 2021. Methods: Research descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional, in donors who attended the Hemotherapy Center of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Trujillo in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic between March 2020 and March 2021. Data collection was carried out using the care records of the blood bank service applicants. Results: A predominance of the male sex (74.4%), Rh + blood type (97.1%) and blood group “O” (79.4%) was found. Furthermore, the majority of donors had an average age of 33 years, were considered suitable to donate (69.6%), were new donors (66.1%) and replacement donors (95.0%). Likewise, the main causes of refusal to donate blood were a low hematocrit level (14.3%), risk behavior (12.1% and having some respiratory pathology (11.9%). In the same way, the multivariate analysis confirms that the hematocrit, Rh type and age are associated with the highest frequency of rejection. Conclusion: Hematocrit, Rh type and age were associated with the highest frequency of rejection in donors who attended the Hemotherapy center of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Trujillo in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic 2020 to 2021.
Weaving Local Evidence and Global Legacy: An Integrated Pathway for Public Health and Nutrition
Multisystem tuberculosis in an immunocompetent patient with lymph node and pleuropulmonary involvement: Case Report
La tuberculosis (TB) multisistémica, frecuentemente debido a la diseminación de Mycobacterium tuberculosis por vía linfohematógena durante la infección primaria y postprimaria, es una enfermedad rara en pacientes inmunocompetentes. Presentamos el caso de una paciente femenina de 29 años con diagnóstico de TB ganglionar en tratamiento que acude al servicio de emergencia del Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo (HRDT) por presentar sintomatología compatible con TB pulmonar y pleural. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar el caso por su inusual evolución y exámenes de laboratorio que demuestran inmunocompetencia de la paciente a pesar de la presentación clínica.
Heart failure secondary to levantinib. An atypical event: Case Report
En este reporte, presentamos el caso de una paciente de 73 años con carcinoma papilar infiltrante de tiroides tratada con lenvatinib, quien desarrolló insuficiencia cardíaca secundaria al fármaco. Inicialmente, presentó disnea progresiva sin antecedentes cardiovasculares previos. La evaluación ecocardiográfica mostró una fracción de eyección reducida al 40%, lo que, junto con la temporalidad de los síntomas, llevó a sospechar cardiotoxicidad inducida por lenvatinib. Se aplicó el algoritmo de Naranjo, estableciendo una relación probable. Se suspendió el fármaco e inició manejo con diuréticos, betabloqueadores e inhibidores del sistema renina-angiotensina, logrando mejoría clínica con recuperación parcial de la fracción de eyección al 50% y normalización del proBNP. Este caso subraya la necesidad de vigilancia cardiovascular en pacientes bajo terapia con inhibidores de tirosina quinasa, destacando la importancia de una detección temprana y el ajuste oportuno del tratamiento para prevenir complicaciones graves.
Clinical and radiographic effectiveness of two filling pastes for pulpectomy in primary molars with necrotic pulp
Objetive: To compare the effectiveness of two filling pastes METAPEX ® and MCM chemotherapy paste in the treatment of primary molars with necrotic pulp. Methods: A controlled clinical trial with paired data was conducted in 29 six-year-old patients diagnosed with necrotic pulp in their mandibular first primary molars. The children were treated with two molars with necrotic pulp. Two study groups were established: Group A, molars filled with METAPEX, and Group B, molars filled with MCM antibiotic paste. The children received treatment with one technique per session and were subsequently restored with a glass ionomer restorative (Ketac Molar Eaxymix®). These were evaluated clinically and radiographically over time under certain parameters to determine their effectiveness. Results: When comparing the clinical and radiographic effectiveness between the METAPEX and MCM pulpectomy filling pastes, the values indicate that there is no significant difference between them p>0.05 Conclusion: Multibiotic paste (MCM) is highly effective in the treatment of patients diagnosed with pulp necrosis.
Impact of medical prescription on the proper use of medications in patients of the Trujillo Regional Teaching Hospital 2023
Objetive: To determine the relationship between medical prescription and drug use in patients of the Regional Teaching Hospital of Trujillo. Methods: Quantitative, non-experimental, descriptive-correlational study. A total of 302 prescriptions of SIS patients attended in the hospitalization pharmacy were evaluated by means of structured questionnaires and data collection, contrasted with the WHO indicators of rational drug use. Results: The level of medical prescription was good in 41.39%, fair in 34.77% and poor in 23.84%. Medication use was adequate in 57.62% and inadequate in 42.38%. Conclusion: Medical prescription is significantly related to the use of medications in hospitalized patients affiliated to the Comprehensive Health Insurance in the study hospital.
Peruvian medical education in the age of artificial intelligence
Chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis in a patient with tuberculosis sequelae: case report.
La aspergilosis pulmonar crónica cavitaria (APCC) es una infección fúngica causada por Aspergillus fumigatus que afecta principalmente a pacientes con daño estructural pulmonar previo, en especial como secuela de tuberculosis (TBC) pulmonar. Su presentación clínica puede simular una reactivación de la TBC, lo que representa un desafío diagnóstico relevante en regiones con alta prevalencia. Este reporte describe la presentación clínica, el abordaje diagnóstico y la evolución de un caso de APCC como complicación tardía de la TBC pulmonar, destacando su importancia en el diagnóstico diferencial con TBC activa y las limitaciones de las herramientas diagnósticas disponibles. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 68 años con antecedente de TBC pulmonar, quien desarrolló disnea progresiva y tos productiva persistente, lo que condicionó retrasos diagnósticos. El diagnóstico se estableció mediante hallazgos imagenológicos compatibles con cavitaciones pulmonares, apoyados por una prueba serológica positiva para galactomanano. El paciente rechazó el tratamiento con anfotericina B y la intervención quirúrgica; pese a ello, permanece con vida, aunque con deterioro respiratorio progresivo y dependencia permanente de oxigenoterapia domiciliaria. Este caso resalta la APCC como una complicación tardía subdiagnosticada de la TBC pulmonar en pacientes inmunocompetentes y subraya la importancia de la correlación clínica e imagenológica. Asimismo, evidencia la utilidad limitada del galactomanano en las formas crónicas y la necesidad de considerar la APCC ante síntomas respiratorios persistentes posteriores a la TBC.
Importance of intraoperative enteroscopic biopsy in diagnosis of Crohn’s disease: Case Report
Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease with no “gold standard” for diagnosis. This report, describing the case of a 31-year-old woman with Turner syndrome and chronic recurrence of bloody diarrhea, emphasizes timely diagnosis by intraoperative enteroscopy. The patient, in addition to diarrheal symptoms, presented abdominal pain and severe anemia, which were initially misdiagnosed as celiac disease and then as intestinal tuberculosis. After multiple tests and treatments, a biopsy by intraoperative enteroscopy identified chronic granulomatous ileitis, confirming the diagnosis of CD. This finding was crucial to adjust treatment and significantly improve symptoms. The case highlights the importance of accurate diagnostic evaluation in patients with complex comorbidities and the value of intraoperative enteroscopy in diagnosing inflammatory bowel diseases. The main lessons learned are the need for a correct diagnosis to avoid unnecessary treatments and to optimize clinical management, which resulted in a substantial improvement in the patient's quality of life.
Bulk Fill Composite Resins, innovation, controversies and future perspectives in restorative dentistry: Bibliography review
Bulk-fill composite resins have emerged as a key innovation in restorative dentistry, offering an efficient and modern alternative for direct dental restorations. These resins allow for the placement of thicker layers, reducing clinical time. Among their main features are their adaptability, adequate depth of polymerization, and mechanical properties, which meet clinical requirements for functional and durable restorations. The clinical benefits of bulk-fill resins include reduced polymerization shrinkage stress and simplified handling, making them particularly useful for deep cavity restorations. However, despite these advantages, controversies have arisen regarding their long-term performance, such as color stability and wear resistance in areas of high occlusal load. This article reviews the fundamental characteristics of bulk-fill resins, their clinical benefits, and the controversies surrounding their application. Additionally, it examines the current state of scientific research to provide a comprehensive view of their impact on dental practice and their role in the future of conservative dentistry. The article concludes with future perspectives, highlighting the need for more long-term studies to evaluate their clinical performance under real-world conditions. This analysis aims to bring dentists with informed tools to optimize the selection and use of these materials in their daily practice
Effects of curcumin on metabolic and systemic diseases: Narrative review
In recent years, the great role of nutrition on general health has been demonstrated, specifically, polyphenols in relation to the treatment of metabolic and systemic diseases. Curcumin, a substance extracted from turmeric and proposed as a treatment for various diseases due to its diverse properties. The bibliographic search was done in both Spanish and English with the keywords: "curcumin", "metabolic diseases", "systemic diseases" in Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane and Scholar Google. Curcumin is a polyphenol found in turmeric, which has been shown to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and antidiabetic properties. Its influence has been seen in metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis and psoriasis. Conclusions: This narrative review summarizes the influence of curcumin supplementation on various pathologies, in addition to certain general aspects.
The promising anxiolytic effect of Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima assessed in animal models: A systematic review
Objectives: To provide an overview of the scientific publications that determined the anxiolytic effect of the Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima plant evaluated in animal models. All this with the expectation of determining how much progress has been made in this line of research and what approaches could be considered to complement the knowledge acquired to take advantage of the potential of this plant. This review focused on recovering the main details and findings of the publications on the anxiolytic effect of P. tripartita var. mollissima to analyze and contrast them. Materials and methods: In this study, searches were carried out using 4 databases: Dimensions, Scopus, Google Scholar and Pubmed, from October 2024 to January 2025. Results: After evaluating that the publications are experimental research works and that they evaluated the anxiolytic effect of Passiflora tripartita var. mollissima in animal models, it was determined that only 8 studies met these inclusion criteria. Conclusions: Since the evaluated investigations had different methodological approaches to evaluate the anxiolytic effect of this plant, this could be a factor in the fact that there are still no conclusive studies on its capacity as an anxiolytic. This review shows that it is still necessary to go beyond the isolation, identification and characterization of the secondary metabolites that are attributed to be responsible for the anxiolytic effect, so research should continue to determine toxicity, mechanisms of action, dose-response of secondary metabolites, pharmacokinetic studies and, based on this, finally reach clinical trials.
Lifestyle Medicine: Perspective of health needs. Review
Globally, the main causes of mortality and disability are associated with non-communicable chronic diseases (NCDs), and unhealthy lifestyle are a modifiable risk factor for acquiring these diseases. Adherence to a healthy lifestyle can prevent, treat, and reverse, with a lower cost and greater long-term benefit, the effects of NCDs. Lifestyle Medicine (LM) is a discipline focused on healthy lifestyle, which has been positioning itself in the reality and its introduction into undergraduate medical training, postgraduate training, and continuing medical education is already taking place mainly in the United States of America and Europe. A review of the databases PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar was carried out, with the purpose of documenting a perspective of what the LM is, its effects, forms of application and recent results of its implementation in the health. LS offers a cost-benefit alternative to prevent, treat and reverse NCDs.
Detection time of the CytB gene in the identification of food sources of Panstrongylus chinai Chagas vector in Peru
Objetive: Determine the detection time of the Cytb gene in the identification of food sources of Panstrongylus chinai, a vector of Chagas disease in Peru. Methods: A descriptive and experimental research design was conducted, analyzing three treatments (TP1, TP2, and TP3), each consisting of three Panstrongylus chinai triatomines. The triatomines were fed on Gallus gallus (chicken), and blood was isolated from the insect abdomen according to the time elapsed since feeding. The evaluated times were 48 hours (TP1), 120 hours (TP2), and 192 hours (TP3). Total DNA was extracted from the isolated blood cells, the Cytb gene was amplified by PCR, and enzymatic digestion was performed with the restriction enzyme HaeIII. Detection of the Cytb gene for food source identification was carried out using a PCR-RFLP assay. Results: Blood was successfully isolated in treatments TP1 and TP2, and the Panstrongylus chinai triatomines survived the procedure. In contrast, no blood was isolated in TP3, and the analyzed specimens did not survive. DNA was extracted and the Cytb gene was amplified from all blood samples. The enzymatic digestion of the Cytb gene with HaeIII revealed DNA fragments of 159 bp, 125 bp, and 74 bp, which correspond to the RFLP of the Cytb gene in Gallus gallus. Conclusion: Cytb gene detection for identifying food sources of Panstrongylus chinai is viable up to 120 hours post-feeding.
Susceptibility of Aedes aegypti to spatial application of the insecticide Malathion in a rural area of northern Peru, 2023
Llevando la colaboración internacional a su puerta
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Identification methods and susceptibility of Candida spp. isolates in patients with COVID-19: Narrative review
Objetive: This integrative review with a descriptive approach aimed to describe the available scientific information on the methods of antifungal identification and susceptibility used to characterize Candida isolates from blood cultures in patients diagnosed with COVID-19. Methods: A systematic search of primary publications was conducted in databases including MEDLINE/PubMed and the Cochrane Library. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to select studies conducted between 2020 and 2023. Case reports and series, as well as retrospective and prospective analytical studies, were included to describe molecular methods for the identification of Candida species, antifungal susceptibility testing, and the assessment of clonality and resistance genes. Our review process was based on the Whittemore and Knafl model. Results: A total of 446 studies were identified, of which 18 met the criteria for detailed analysis. These studies were evaluated for their level of evidence and quality, and relevant information was extracted regarding the microbiological characterization of Candida isolates and their relationship with COVID-19 coinfection. The studies employed a variety of methodologies, including proteomic and molecular identification techniques, and reported multidrug-resistant Candida isolates, particularly Candida auris. Conclusion: This integrative review provided insights into the species identification, susceptibility, and antifungal resistance genes associated with Candida isolates in patients diagnosed with COVID-19, highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to address this emerging clinical issue.
In vitro antifungal effect of Origanum vulgare (orégano) essential oil on Candida albicans ATCC ® 10231™
Objetive: to evaluate the antifungal effect of Origanum vulgare (oregano) essential oil against Candida albicans ATCC® 10231™. Methods: Ninety Petri dishes were inoculated with Saboraud agar and distributed into six work groups (100%, 75%, 50%, and 25% essential oil, a negative control with dimethyl sulfoxide, and a positive control with nystatin). Each group had 15 replicates selected by simple random sampling. The Kirby-Bauer technique was applied, placing a paper disc impregnated with the essential oil in the center of each plate and incubating the plates at 37°C. Inhibition halo measurements were taken at 24 and 48 hours. Statistical analysis was performed using the non-parametric Kruskal Wallis and Wilcoxon tests, using SPSS 25, with a confidence level of 95%. Results: showed that Origanum vulgare essential oil exhibited a significant antifungal effect, significantly superior to that of nystatin at all concentrations tested, both at 24 and 48 hours. The 100% concentration showed the greatest inhibitory effect. However, at 48 hours, the inhibition zone of the 25% oil was considerably reduced, although it still retained a significant antifungal effect against Candida albicans ATCC® 10231™. Conclusion: that oregano oil does have an antifungal effect against Candida albicans.