SCIÉNDO INGENIUM

Heat Stress Assessment in a chemical factory for the food industry

Rodolfo Agustín Chávez Collado — 2025-07-28

In the emulsifier area of a food supply company, high temperatures and humidity generate thermal stress conditions that affect workers' health and reduce their productivity. The lack of adequate environmental control exacerbates this situation, impacting operational efficiency. This research aims to evaluate the level of thermal stress at two levels in the emulsifiers area of a factory that manufactures chemical inputs for food, located in the district of Chorrillos, in the city of Lima, Peru. The WBGT index method is used, taking as a reference Standard RM No. 375-2008-TR, which also analyzes the metabolic consumption of workers. This study was conducted in the summer of 2024, using Criffer Protemp 4 and Inlite ITEMP thermal load monitors to determine environmental variables. The results obtained showed that the heat stress indices evaluated at workstations ET-01 and ET-02 were 34.9 and 35.6, exceeding the permitted limit values of 30.5 and 28.5, respectively. This situation represents a considerable risk to occupational health and creates a suboptimal work environment for the physical and mental performance of workers. In addition, operators showed a decrease in their work pace, as well as a higher frequency of unscheduled breaks and signs of fatigue at the end of the shift, affecting productivity in the area. Thermal load levels exceed the recommended thresholds for moderate work, indicating an urgent need to implement corrective measures, such as mechanical ventilation, controlled thermal breaks, or staff rotation. Overall, the results of thermal stress have a significant negative impact on the operational productivity of the area evaluated.

Fine-tuning a Long Language Model for Curriculum Vitae Classification

Juan Diego Salcedo-Salazar — 2025-07-28

Este trabajo tuvo por principal objetivo clasificar curriculums vitae respecto al área de profesión, tarea importante en la gestión de recursos humanos y captación de personal. Esta investigación busca explorar las capacidades de clasificación de los Modelos de Lenguaje Largo (MLL) realizando un análisis comparativo versus métodos tradicionales de Machine Learning. Para lograr tal objetivo se empleó la técnica de fine-tuning al Modelo de Lenguaje Largo pre-entrenado por Google en el idioma inglés llamado BERT BASE UNCASED empleando un dataset de más de 3 mil currículums vitae de 25 áreas de profesión y 3 épocas de entrenamiento contra los modelos tradicionales Random Forest, SVM, Logistic Regression y Naive Bayes Multinomial. La metodología está compuesta por 7 etapas esenciales para adaptar un modelo pre-entrenado en una tarea específica asegurando su óptimo performance. La investigación proporciona un análisis comparativo enfocándose en las métricas Exactitud, F1-score, Precisión y Recall. Los resultados más importantes obtenidos fueron 83,0% de Exactitud y 82,3% de Precisión para el modelo base de Google y 82,8% de F1-score y 86,2% de Recall para Naive Bayes Multinomial revelando que el modelo base de Google tiene un buen desempeño prediciendo la clasificación de currículum vitae mientras que Naive Bayes Multinomial es mejor para detectar la mayoría de casos positivos. Esta investigación no solo contribuye mostrando el desempeño de los MLL para la tarea de clasificación en contraste con sus pares de Machine Learning tradicional, sino que adicionalmente ofrece un enfoque innovador para las prácticas de gestión de recursos humanos y captación de personal.

Challenges to the integration of circular economy into the strategic management of the agricultural sector: A systematic review

Abel Rodríguez-Yparraguirre — 2025-07-28

The circular economy is emerging as a key strategy for achieving sustainability in the agricultural sector, given its dependence on natural resources and its environmental impact. This study aims to systematically analyze the scientific literature on the incorporation of circular economy into agricultural sector management, using the strategic direction approach as an analytical framework. The PRISMA protocol was used for the systematic review of 35 scientific papers selected from international databases. Bibliometric and thematic analysis was conducted using R Studio, which allowed for the identification of trends, co-occurrence networks, and research gaps. The results show a progressive growth in publications related to the circular economy in agricultural companies, with a predominance of studies focused on environmental and internal process perspectives, while financial and organizational learning dimensions are less addressed. It is concluded that implementing CE in the agricultural sector requires a comprehensive strategic approach that articulates sustainability and organizational performance indicators, such as investment in R&D for green technologies and innovation in patents. This study contributes a useful conceptual framework for researchers, policymakers, and agroindustrial managers

Assessment of cement-based boards reinforced with fibers extracted from Andean Ichu grass

C. Palomino — 2025-07-28

The continuous growing of the construction industry it is challenging to find the right choice for raw materials especially fibers for cement-based composites. In this study, raw Ichu fibers were evaluated to be used as reinforcement of cement matrices; mercerization treatment of the original fibers followed by the shear defibrillation technique were used to obtain the pulp; afterward, slurry-dewatering with the final pressing process technique were used to manufacture the composites boards. Results show that Ichu fibers required low aggressive mercerization treatment; furthermore, with mechanical shear defibrillation more than 80% of the defibrillated fiber present an aspect ratio over 80. The manufactured fiber cement composites board present a modulus of rupture over 8 MPa; moreover, with outdoor and indoor aging, samples modulus of rupture increases, reaching around 13.5 MPa for the outdoor aging; furthermore, progressive embrittlement was observed with impact over aging time. Finally, based on the mechanical properties of the boards, results suggest that with 9%wt of the Ichu pulp fibers as reinforcement, boards shown a bests characteristic.

Influence of the content and particle size of rice husk ash on the water susceptibility of asphalt mixtures

Daniel Martínez-Cerna — 2025-07-28

This study investigates how rice husk ash (RHA) content and particle size influence the water susceptibility of asphalt mixes. A two-factor experiment was conducted, varying RHA proportions (2.5%, 5.0%, and 7.5%) and particle sizes (149, 74, and 53 µm). The RHA, sourced from agro-industrial wastes in Trujillo, Peru, was previously analyzed by, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed irregular, porous, and angular particles, typical of ashes produced at moderate temperatures, which enhance binder interaction and internal friction. The ash analysis also identified crystalline phases like cristobalite and quartz, suggesting chemical reactivity. Coarse and fine aggregates met Peruvian standards for durability and wear resistance. The optimal asphalt cement content was 4.39%, balancing cohesion, stability, and air voids. The experimental results indicate that adding 5.0% RHA, especially with particle sizes smaller than 53 µm, significantly improves the mixture's resistance to moisture damage. This not only enhances the longevity of pavements but also promotes sustainability by incorporating waste materials into road construction. The incorporation of RHA not only improves the technical performance of asphalt mixtures, but also represents an environmentally beneficial strategy by reusing an abundant agricultural waste, reducing the environmental impact and promoting a circular economy.

Stress Measurement on TiN/TaN Multilayers coated by Magnetron Sputtering with Bias on Silicon Substrate (100)

Jaime E. Diaz — 2025-07-28

In the present study, the stress behavior in TiN/TaN multilayer films, coated on 0.3 mm thick silicon (100) wafers using the reactive Magnetron Sputtering technique, was investigated. The main objective was to analyze the influence of the substrate bias and the number of bilayers on the residual stress of the thin films, while maintaining a constant total thickness. The coatings were produced in an Ar/N₂atmosphere, with a substrate temperature of 400 °C and bias of -50 V and -250 V. The nanocrystalline structure and morphology of the multilayers were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The stress was determined by measuring the substrate curvature via laser deflection, using the Stoney formula. A transition in the stress behavior from tensile to compressive was observed as the bias voltage was increased from -50 V to -250 V. Specifically, for a bias of -50 V, the stress was tensile, and its absolute value increased slightly with the number of bilayers. In contrast, for a bias of -250 V, the residual stress was compressive, and its absolute magnitude tended to decrease when going from 2 to 4 bilayers, subsequently stabilizing for a higher number of bilayers. These findings demonstrate the possibility of modulating the stress state in TiN/TaN multilayer systems by controlling the bias, which is crucial for optimizing the adhesion and mechanical performance of protective coatings and other surface engineering applications.